64. Kiri |
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Paper 64 |
Värvilised arengurassid |
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The Evolutionary Races of Color |
64:0.1 (718.1) SEE on lugu Urantia arengurassidest alates Andoni ja Fonta aegadest peaaegu miljon aastat tagasi kuni Planeedivürsti aegadeni ja edasi jääaja lõpuni. |
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64:0.1 (718.1) THIS is the story of the evolutionary races of Urantia from the days of Andon and Fonta, almost one million years ago, down through the times of the Planetary Prince to the end of the ice age. |
64:0.2 (718.2) Inimsugu on peaaegu miljoni aasta vanune ja selle ajaloo esimene pool vastab ligikaudu Planeedivürsti-eelsetele aegadele Urantial. Inimkonna ajaloo teine pool algab Planeedivürsti saabumisest ja kuue värvilise rassi ilmumisest ning vastab perioodile, mida peetakse üldiselt vanemaks kiviajaks. |
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64:0.2 (718.2) The human race is almost one million years old, and the first half of its story roughly corresponds to the pre-Planetary Prince days of Urantia. The latter half of the history of mankind begins at the time of the arrival of the Planetary Prince and the appearance of the six colored races and roughly corresponds to the period commonly regarded as the Old Stone Age. |
1. Andoniitidest ürgasukad ^top |
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1. The Andonic Aborigines ^top |
64:1.1 (718.3) Ürginimene ilmus maakerale evolutsioonilise arengu tulemusena veidi vähem kui miljon aastat tagasi ning tema kogemused olid tormilised. Ta püüdis instinktiivselt pääseda segunemisest vähemarenenud inimahvi suguharudega. Kuid viljatute, umbes 9000 meetri kõrgusel merepinnast paiknevate Tiibeti mägismaade tõttu ei saanud ta ida poole rännata; laienenud Vahemere tõttu, mis ulatus idas India ookeanini, ei saanud ta minna ka lõunasse ega läände, ja põhja poole suundudes tuli talle vastu edasiliikuv jää. Ent kuigi edasist rännet pidurdas jää ja kuigi laialihajuvad suguharud muutusid üha vaenulikumaks, ei hellitanud arukamad rühmad kunagi mõtet minna lõuna poole, oma karvaste, puu otsas elavate ja vähemarukate nõbude juurde. |
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64:1.1 (718.3) Primitive man made his evolutionary appearance on earth a little less than one million years ago, and he had a vigorous experience. He instinctively sought to escape the danger of mingling with the inferior simian tribes. But he could not migrate eastward because of the arid Tibetan land elevations, 30,000 feet above sea level; neither could he go south nor west because of the expanded Mediterranean Sea, which then extended eastward to the Indian Ocean; and as he went north, he encountered the advancing ice. But even when further migration was blocked by the ice, and though the dispersing tribes became increasingly hostile, the more intelligent groups never entertained the idea of going southward to live among their hairy tree-dwelling cousins of inferior intellect. |
64:1.2 (718.4) Sellest abitusest, mida põhjustas geograafilisest asukohast tingitud suletud keskkond — paremal mäed, vasakul vesi ja ees jää —, kasvasid välja paljud inimese varased usutunded. Ent need edumeelsed andoniidid ei soostunud kuidagi tagasi pöörduma oma lõunas elavate vähemarenenud ja puu otsas elavate sugulaste juurde. |
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64:1.2 (718.4) Many of man’s earliest religious emotions grew out of his feeling of helplessness in the shut-in environment of this geographic situation—mountains to the right, water to the left, and ice in front. But these progressive Andonites would not turn back to their inferior tree-dwelling relatives in the south. |
64:1.3 (718.5) Vastupidiselt oma mitteinimsugulaste tavadele vältisid andoniidid metsi. Metsades on inimene alati mandunud, inimareng on kulgenud edasi vaid avamaal ja kõrgematel laiuskraadidel. Avamaal valitsevad külm ja nälg stimuleerivad tegutsema, leiutama ja kokkuhoidlik olema. Need andoniitide suguharud olid karmi põhjamaise kliima raskustes ja puuduses arenemas praeguse inimsoo teerajajateks, kuid mahajäänud nõbud mõnulesid nende ühise varase päritolumaa lõunamaistes troopikametsades. |
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64:1.3 (718.5) These Andonites avoided the forests in contrast with the habits of their nonhuman relatives. In the forests man has always deteriorated; human evolution has made progress only in the open and in the higher latitudes. The cold and hunger of the open lands stimulate action, invention, and resourcefulness. While these Andonic tribes were developing the pioneers of the present human race amidst the hardships and privations of these rugged northern climes, their backward cousins were luxuriating in the southern tropical forests of the land of their early common origin. |
64:1.4 (718.6) Need sündmused toimusid jää kolmanda pealetungi ajal, mis geoloogide arvestuse järgi on esimene. Esimesed kaks liustikku ei olnud Põhja-Euroopas ulatuslikud. |
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64:1.4 (718.6) These events occurred during the times of the third glacier, the first according to the reckoning of geologists. The first two glaciers were not extensive in northern Europe. |
64:1.5 (718.7) Jääajal oli Inglismaa enamasti Prantsusmaaga maismaa kaudu ühendatud, hiljem ühendas Sitsiilia maasild Euroopa Aafrikaga. Andoniitide rännete ajal oli olemas pidev maismaatee, mis algas Inglismaast läänes ja viis läbi Euroopa ja Aasia kuni Jaavani idas; kuid Austraalia oli taas eraldi, mis mõjutas veelgi selle maa omapärase fauna arengut. |
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64:1.5 (718.7) During most of the ice age England was connected by land with France, while later on Africa was joined to Europe by the Sicilian land bridge. At the time of the Andonic migrations there was a continuous land path from England in the west on through Europe and Asia to Java in the east; but Australia was again isolated, which further accentuated the development of its own peculiar fauna. |
64:1.6 (719.1) 950 000 aastat tagasi olid Andoni ja Fonta järeltulijad kaugele itta ja läände rännanud. Läände liikudes suundusid nad üle Euroopa Prantsusmaale ja Inglismaale. Hilisematel aegadel tungisid nad ida poole kuni Jaavani, kus leiti hiljuti nende — niinimetatud jaava inimese — luid, ning rändasid siis edasi Tasmaaniasse. |
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64:1.6 (719.1) 950,000 years ago the descendants of Andon and Fonta had migrated far to the east and to the west. To the west they passed over Europe to France and England. In later times they penetrated eastward as far as Java, where their bones were so recently found—the so-called Java man—and then journeyed on to Tasmania. |
64:1.7 (719.2) Läände siirdunud rühmad saastusid ühistest esivanematest pärinevate mahajäänud tüvikondadega vähem kui itta suundunud rühmad, kes segunesid nii vabalt oma arengus mahajäänud, loomalike nõbudega. Need mitte-edumeelsed indiviidid uitasid lõuna poole ja leidsid peagi paarilisi vähemarenenud suguharudest. Hiljem pöördus nende segaverelisi järglasi üha enam põhja tagasi, et heita paari arvukuselt kiiresti kasvavate andoniidi rahvastega, ning need kahetsusväärsed liidud kahjustasid alati arenenumat tüvikonda. Hinguse Andjat kummardas üha vähem ürginimeste asulaid. Seda varast ürgset tsivilisatsiooni ähvardas väljasuremine. |
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64:1.7 (719.2) The groups going west became less contaminated with the backward stocks of mutual ancestral origin than those going east, who mingled so freely with their retarded animal cousins. These unprogressive individuals drifted southward and presently mated with the inferior tribes. Later on, increasing numbers of their mongrel descendants returned to the north to mate with the rapidly expanding Andonic peoples, and such unfortunate unions unfailingly deteriorated the superior stock. Fewer and fewer of the primitive settlements maintained the worship of the Breath Giver. This early dawn civilization was threatened with extinction. |
64:1.8 (719.3) Ning nii on Urantial alati olnud. Rumalusest on arenenumatel lastud vabalt vähemarenenumatega sugu teha, mis on paljutõotavaid tsivilisatsioone järjest kahjustanud ja lõpuks hävinguni viinud. |
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64:1.8 (719.3) And thus it has ever been on Urantia. Civilizations of great promise have successively deteriorated and have finally been extinguished by the folly of allowing the superior freely to procreate with the inferior. |
2. Foxhalli rahvad ^top |
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2. The Foxhall Peoples ^top |
64:2.1 (719.4) 900 000 aastat tagasi olid Andoni ja Fonta kunstid ja Onagari kultuur maakeralt kadumas; kultuur, religioon ja isegi ränikivi töötlemine olid madalaimas mõõnaseisus. |
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64:2.1 (719.4) 900,000 years ago the arts of Andon and Fonta and the culture of Onagar were vanishing from the face of the earth; culture, religion, and even flintworking were at their lowest ebb. |
64:2.2 (719.5) See oli aeg, mil Lõuna-Prantsusmaalt jõudsid Inglismaale arvukad vähemarenenud segavereliste rühmad. Need suguharud olid metsade ahvitaoliste olenditega nii segunenud, et meenutasid vaevu inimesi. Neil polnud religiooni, aga nad tegelesid lihtsa ränikivitöötlemisega ning olid piisavalt arukad, et tuld süüdata. |
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64:2.2 (719.5) These were the times when large numbers of inferior mongrel groups were arriving in England from southern France. These tribes were so largely mixed with the forest apelike creatures that they were scarcely human. They had no religion but were crude flintworkers and possessed sufficient intelligence to kindle fire. |
64:2.3 (719.6) Neile järgnes mõnevõrra arenenum ja kiiresti sigiv rahvas, kelle järeltulijad levisid peagi üle kogu mandri, alates põhjapoolsetest jää-aladest kuni Alpide ja Vahemereni lõunas. Need suguharud on niinimetatud heidelbergi rass. |
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64:2.3 (719.6) They were followed in Europe by a somewhat superior and prolific people, whose descendants soon spread over the entire continent from the ice in the north to the Alps and Mediterranean in the south. These tribes are the so-called Heidelberg race. |
64:2.4 (719.7) Sellel pikal kultuurilise allakäigu perioodil säilitasid foxhalli rahvad Inglismaal ja Loode-India Badonani hõimud mõningaid Andoni traditsioone ja teatavaid Onagari kultuuri jäänuseid. |
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64:2.4 (719.7) During this long period of cultural decadence the Foxhall peoples of England and the Badonan tribes northwest of India continued to hold on to some of the traditions of Andon and certain remnants of the culture of Onagar. |
64:2.5 (719.8) Foxhalli rahvad olid kõige läänepoolsemad ning neil õnnestus andoniitide kultuurist nii mõndagi alal hoida; neil säilis ka ränikivi töötlemise oskus, mille nad andsid edasi oma järeltulijatele, eskimote iidsetele esivanematele. |
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64:2.5 (719.8) The Foxhall peoples were farthest west and succeeded in retaining much of the Andonic culture; they also preserved their knowledge of flintworking, which they transmitted to their descendants, the ancient ancestors of the Eskimos. |
64:2.6 (719.9) Kuigi foxhalli rahvaste jäänused avastati Inglismaal viimasena, olid need andoniidid tegelikult esimesed neil aladel elanud inimolendid. Sel ajal oli Prantsusmaa ikka veel Inglismaaga maasilla kaudu ühendatud ja et enamik Andoni järeltulijate varastest asulatest paiknes neil ammustel aegadel jõgede ääres ning merekallastel, on need praegu Doveri väina ja Põhjamere all ning vaid kolm-neli neist on Inglismaa rannikul veest väljas. |
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64:2.6 (719.9) Though the remains of the Foxhall peoples were the last to be discovered in England, these Andonites were really the first human beings to live in those regions. At that time the land bridge still connected France with England; and since most of the early settlements of the Andon descendants were located along the rivers and seashores of that early day, they are now under the waters of the English Channel and the North Sea, but some three or four are still above water on the English coast. |
64:2.7 (720.1) Paljud arukamad ja vaimsemad foxhalli rahvad säilitasid oma rassi kõrge taseme ja järgisid algelisi usutavasid. Ning see rahvas, kellele lisandus hiljem teisi tüvikondi, rändas pärast üht hilisemat jääaega Inglismaalt edasi läände ning neid esindavad tänapäeval eskimod. |
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64:2.7 (720.1) Many of the more intelligent and spiritual of the Foxhall peoples maintained their racial superiority and perpetuated their primitive religious customs. And these people, as they were later admixed with subsequent stocks, journeyed on west from England after a later ice visitation and have survived as the present-day Eskimos. |
3. Badonani hõimud ^top |
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3. The Badonan Tribes ^top |
64:3.1 (720.2) Peale läänepoolsete foxhalli rahvaste püsis idas teinegi kultuurivõitluste keskus. See rühm asus India loodeosa mägismaade eelmäestikus, Andoni pojapoja pojapoja Badonani suguharude seas. Need inimesed olid Andoni järglastest ainsad, kes ei toonud kunagi inimohvreid. |
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64:3.1 (720.2) Besides the Foxhall peoples in the west, another struggling center of culture persisted in the east. This group was located in the foothills of the northwestern Indian highlands among the tribes of Badonan, a great-great-grandson of Andon. These people were the only descendants of Andon who never practiced human sacrifice. |
64:3.2 (720.3) Mägilastest badonaniidid elasid laial metsadega ümbritsetud platool, millest voolasid läbi ojad ja kus oli külluses jahiloomi. Nagu mõned nende nõbud Tiibetis, elasid ka nemad algelistes kivihüttides, mäekülgedel grottides ja pooleldi maa-alustes käikudes. |
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64:3.2 (720.3) These highland Badonites occupied an extensive plateau surrounded by forests, traversed by streams, and abounding in game. Like some of their cousins in Tibet, they lived in crude stone huts, hillside grottoes, and semiunderground passages. |
64:3.3 (720.4) Kui põhjapoolsed hõimud hakkasid üha enam jääd kartma, siis oma päritolumaa lähedal elavad hõimud tundsid üha enam hirmu vee ees. Nad nägid, kuidas Mesopotaamia poolsaar järk-järgult merre vajus, ja kuigi see veel mitu korda välja kerkis, kujundasid nende ürgrasside traditsioone merega seotud ohud ja hirm aegajalt esinevate uputuste ees. Ning see hirm koos jõgede üleujutustest põhjustatud üleelamistega oli üks põhjusi, miks nad turvalisemat elupaika otsides asusid mägismaale. |
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64:3.3 (720.4) While the tribes of the north grew more and more to fear the ice, those living near the homeland of their origin became exceedingly fearful of the water. They observed the Mesopotamian peninsula gradually sinking into the ocean, and though it emerged several times, the traditions of these primitive races grew up around the dangers of the sea and the fear of periodic engulfment. And this fear, together with their experience with river floods, explains why they sought out the highlands as a safe place in which to live. |
64:3.4 (720.5) Badonani rahvastest ida pool, Põhja-India Siwaliki mägedes võib leida fossiile, mis on inimese ja mitmesuguste inimese-eelsete rühmade üleminekutüüpidele lähedasemad kui kusagil mujal maailmas. |
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64:3.4 (720.5) To the east of the Badonan peoples, in the Siwalik Hills of northern India, may be found fossils that approach nearer to transition types between man and the various prehuman groups than any others on earth. |
64:3.5 (720.6) 850 000 aastat tagasi alustasid arenenumad Badonani hõimud oma vähemarenenud ja loomalike naabrite vastu suunatud hävitussõda. Vähem kui tuhande aastaga oli enamik inimesele lähedastest loomarühmadest neis piirkondades kas hävitatud või lõunapoolsetesse metsadesse tagasi aetud. Selle alaväärtuslike olendite hävitamise kampaania tulemusena täiustusid tolleaegsed mägihõimud veidi. Ja täiustunud badonaniitide tüvikonna segaverelised järeltulijad ilmusid tegevusareenile uue, selgelt erineva rahvana — neandertali rassina. |
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64:3.5 (720.6) 850,000 years ago the superior Badonan tribes began a warfare of extermination directed against their inferior and animalistic neighbors. In less than one thousand years most of the borderland animal groups of these regions had been either destroyed or driven back to the southern forests. This campaign for the extermination of inferiors brought about a slight improvement in the hill tribes of that age. And the mixed descendants of this improved Badonite stock appeared on the stage of action as an apparently new people—the Neanderthal race. |
4. Neandertali rassid ^top |
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4. The Neanderthal Races ^top |
64:4.1 (720.7) Neandertallased olid suurepärased võitlejad ja rändasid palju. Nad levisid järkjärgult oma keskustest Loode-India mägismaadel läände Prantsusmaani, idas Hiinani ja lõunas isegi Põhja-Aafrikani. Nad domineerisid maailmas peaaegu poole miljoni aasta vältel, kuni värviliste arengurasside rändeajani. |
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64:4.1 (720.7) The Neanderthalers were excellent fighters, and they traveled extensively. They gradually spread from the highland centers in northwest India to France on the west, China on the east, and even down into northern Africa. They dominated the world for almost half a million years until the times of the migration of the evolutionary races of color. |
64:4.2 (720.8) 800 000 aastat tagasi oli jahiloomi külluses; kõikjal Euroopas uitas palju hirveliike, samuti elevante ja jõehobusid. Oli arvukalt veiseid; hobuseid ja hunte leidus igal pool. Neandertallased olid head kütid ning Prantsusmaa hõimudel tekkis esimesena tava, et edukaimad kütid saavad endale valida naise oma soovi järgi. |
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64:4.2 (720.8) 800,000 years ago game was abundant; many species of deer, as well as elephants and hippopotamuses, roamed over Europe. Cattle were plentiful; horses and wolves were everywhere. The Neanderthalers were great hunters, and the tribes in France were the first to adopt the practice of giving the most successful hunters the choice of women for wives. |
64:4.3 (721.1) Põhjapõder oli neile neandertali rahvastele väga kasulik loom, tema liha tarvitati toiduks, nahka, sarvi ja luid mitmesuguste rõivaste ja tööriistade valmistamiseks. Nende kultuur oli algeline, kuid nad olid ränikivi töötlemist tunduvalt täiustanud, kuni see jõudis peaaegu Andoni aegade tasemeni. Taas võeti kasutusele suured puuvarre külge kinnitatud ränikivid, mida kasutati kirveste ja kirkadena. |
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64:4.3 (721.1) The reindeer was highly useful to these Neanderthal peoples, serving as food, clothing, and for tools, since they made various uses of the horns and bones. They had little culture, but they greatly improved the work in flint until it almost reached the levels of the days of Andon. Large flints attached to wooden handles came back into use and served as axes and picks. |
64:4.4 (721.2) 750 000 aastat tagasi oli neljas jääkaas juba üsna kaugele lõunasse jõudnud. Neandertallased tegid oma täiustatud tööriistadega põhjapoolsete jõgede jääliustikesse auke ja said nii aukude juurde hingama tulnud kalu västraga püüda. Aga ka need suguharud taandusid edasiliikuva jää ees, mille pealetung Euroopas oli sel ajal kõige ulatuslikum. |
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64:4.4 (721.2) 750,000 years ago the fourth ice sheet was well on its way south. With their improved implements the Neanderthalers made holes in the ice covering the northern rivers and thus were able to spear the fish which came up to these vents. Ever these tribes retreated before the advancing ice, which at this time made its most extensive invasion of Europe. |
64:4.5 (721.3) Siberi liustik rühkis sel ajal lõunas kaugemale kui kunagi enne, sundides ürginimesi lõuna poole, oma päritolualadele liikuma. Kuid inimliigid olid juba niivõrd eristunud, et oht seguneda oma mitteedumeelsete inimahvidest sugulastega oli tunduvalt väiksem. |
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64:4.5 (721.3) In these times the Siberian glacier was making its southernmost march, compelling early man to move southward, back toward the lands of his origin. But the human species had so differentiated that the danger of further mingling with its nonprogressive simian relatives was greatly lessened. |
64:4.6 (721.4) 700 000 aastat tagasi oli neljas, Euroopa suurim liustik, taandumas; inimesed ja loomad pöördusid põhja tagasi. Kliima oli jahe ja niiske ning ürginimestel oli Euroopas ja Lääne-Aasias jälle soodne aeg. Metsad levisid järk-järgult põhja üle maa, mida oli alles hiljuti katnud liustik. |
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64:4.6 (721.4) 700,000 years ago the fourth glacier, the greatest of all in Europe, was in recession; men and animals were returning north. The climate was cool and moist, and primitive man again thrived in Europe and western Asia. Gradually the forests spread north over land which had been so recently covered by the glacier. |
64:4.7 (721.5) Imetajate elu oli suur liustik vähe muutnud. Loomad püsisid jää ja Alpide vahelises kitsas maavööndis ja levisid liustiku taandudes taas üle kogu Euroopa. Aafrikast saabusid Sitsiilia maasilla kaudu sirgevõhalised elevandid, laianinalised ninasarvikud, hüäänid ja Aafrika lõvid; need uued loomad peaaegu hävitasid mõõkhambulised tiigrid ning jõehobud. |
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64:4.7 (721.5) Mammalian life had been little changed by the great glacier. These animals persisted in that narrow belt of land lying between the ice and the Alps and, upon the retreat of the glacier, again rapidly spread out over all Europe. There arrived from Africa, over the Sicilian land bridge, straight-tusked elephants, broad-nosed rhinoceroses, hyenas, and African lions, and these new animals virtually exterminated the saber-toothed tigers and the hippopotamuses. |
64:4.8 (721.6) 650 000 aastat tagasi oli kliima endiselt pehme. Liustikevahelise perioodi keskpaigas oli see nii palju soojenenud, et Alpid olid jääst ja lumest peaaegu puhtad. |
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64:4.8 (721.6) 650,000 years ago witnessed the continuation of the mild climate. By the middle of the interglacial period it had become so warm that the Alps were almost denuded of ice and snow. |
64:4.9 (721.7) 600 000 aastat tagasi oli jää jõudnud oma sel ajal kõige põhjapoolsema taganemispunktini ja hakkas pärast mõne tuhande aastast vaheaega taas lõunasse liikuma, oma viiendale reisile. Kuid kliima muutus viiekümne tuhande aasta jooksul vähe. Inimene ja Euroopa loomad olid vähe muutunud. Eelmine periood oli olnud veidi põuane, kuid nüüd oli maa viljakam ja alpiliustikud ulatusid kaugele alla mööda jõeorge. |
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64:4.9 (721.7) 600,000 years ago the ice had reached its then northernmost point of retreat and, after a pause of a few thousand years, started south again on its fifth excursion. But there was little modification of climate for fifty thousand years. Man and the animals of Europe were little changed. The slight aridity of the former period lessened, and the alpine glaciers descended far down the river valleys. |
64:4.10 (721.8) 550 000 aastat tagasi surus pealetungiv liustik inimese ja loomad jälle lõunasse. Kuid seekord oli inimesel piisavalt ruumi laias maismaavööndis, mis ulatus kirdes Aasiasse ning paiknes jääkatte ja Vahemere pikenduse, tol ajal palju suurema Musta mere vahel. |
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64:4.10 (721.8) 550,000 years ago the advancing glacier again pushed man and the animals south. But this time man had plenty of room in the wide belt of land stretching northeast into Asia and lying between the ice sheet and the then greatly expanded Black Sea extension of the Mediterranean. |
64:4.11 (721.9) Neil neljanda ja viienda jäätumise aegadel levis neandertali rasside algeline kultuur veelgi. Ent edasiareng oli väga väike ja näis tõesti, et katse kujundada Urantial uut ja teisenenud tüüpi arukat elu ebaõnnestub. Need ürginimesed elasid peaaegu veerand miljonit aastat samamoodi edasi, küttides ja kalastades, ajuti mõnes suunas täiustudes, kuid võrreldes oma arenenumate andoniitidest esivanematega üldiselt pidevalt taandarenedes. |
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64:4.11 (721.9) These times of the fourth and fifth glaciers witnessed the further spread of the crude culture of the Neanderthal races. But there was so little progress that it truly appeared as though the attempt to produce a new and modified type of intelligent life on Urantia was about to fail. For almost a quarter of a million years these primitive peoples drifted on, hunting and fighting, by spells improving in certain directions, but, on the whole, steadily retrogressing as compared with their superior Andonic ancestors. |
64:4.12 (721.10) Neil vaimupimeduse aegadel jõudis ebauskliku inimkonna kultuur kõige madalama tasemeni. Neandertallastel polnudki tegelikult muud religiooni peale häbiväärse ebausu. Nad tundsid surmahirmu pilvede, eriti aga udude ees. Hirm loodusjõudude ees kujunes järk-järgult algeliseks religiooniks, loomade kummardamine aga tööriistade täiustudes vähenes, sest jahiloomi oli külluses ja inimesed ei pidanud enam toidu pärast nii palju muretsema. Jahipidamise seksuaalne hüvitamine andis oma panuse küttimisoskuste tunduvasse täiustamisse. See uus hirmureligioon viis püüetele lepitada nende loodusjõudude taga peituvaid nähtamatuid jõude ning kulmineerus hiljem inimeste ohverdamises nende nähtamatute ja tundmatute füüsiliste jõudude rahuldamiseks. Ning see kohutav inimohvrite toomise tava on Urantia vähemarenenud inimeste seas säilinud veel ka kahekümnendal sajandil. |
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64:4.12 (721.10) During these spiritually dark ages the culture of superstitious mankind reached its lowest levels. The Neanderthalers really had no religion beyond a shameful superstition. They were deathly afraid of clouds, more especially of mists and fogs. A primitive religion of the fear of natural forces gradually developed, while animal worship declined as improvement in tools, with abundance of game, enabled these people to live with lessened anxiety about food; the sex rewards of the chase tended greatly to improve hunting skill. This new religion of fear led to attempts to placate the invisible forces behind these natural elements and culminated, later on, in the sacrificing of humans to appease these invisible and unknown physical forces. And this terrible practice of human sacrifice has been perpetuated by the more backward peoples of Urantia right on down to the twentieth century. |
64:4.13 (722.1) Neid varaseid neandertallasi võis vaevalt päikesekummardajateks nimetada. Nad elasid pigem pimedusehirmus, videviku saabudes valdas neid surmahirm. Kui oli veidi kuuvalgust, polnud väga viga, aga kui Kuu ei paistnud, sattusid nad paanikasse ja hakkasid oma meeste ning naiste paremaid esindajaid ohverdama, et Kuud jälle välja meelitada. Nad said juba varakult aru, et Päike pöördub regulaarselt tagasi, aga Kuu pöördus nende arvates tagasi vaid siis, kui nad olid oma suguharukaaslasi ohverdanud. Rassi arenedes ohverdamise objektid ja eesmärgid järjest muutusid, kuid inimohvrite toomine religioossete tseremooniate käigus jäi veel kauaks püsima. |
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64:4.13 (722.1) These early Neanderthalers could hardly be called sun worshipers. They rather lived in fear of the dark; they had a mortal dread of nightfall. As long as the moon shone a little, they managed to get along, but in the dark of the moon they grew panicky and began the sacrifice of their best specimens of manhood and womanhood in an effort to induce the moon again to shine. The sun, they early learned, would regularly return, but the moon they conjectured only returned because they sacrificed their fellow tribesmen. As the race advanced, the object and purpose of sacrifice progressively changed, but the offering of human sacrifice as a part of religious ceremonial long persisted. |
5. Värviliste rasside päritolu ^top |
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5. Origin of the Colored Races ^top |
64:5.1 (722.2) 500 000 aastat tagasi tekkis Loode-India mägismaade Badonani hõimude vahel uus suur rassivõitlus. Halastamatu sõda kestis üle saja aasta ja kui see lõpuks lõpule jõudis, oli alles veel vaid umbes sada perekonda. Kuid need ellujäänud olid kõige arukamad ja veetlevamad kõigist Andoni ja Fonta sel ajal elanud järeltulijatest. |
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64:5.1 (722.2) 500,000 years ago the Badonan tribes of the northwestern highlands of India became involved in another great racial struggle. For more than one hundred years this relentless warfare raged, and when the long fight was finished, only about one hundred families were left. But these survivors were the most intelligent and desirable of all the then living descendants of Andon and Fonta. |
64:5.2 (722.3) Ning nüüd juhtus nende mägilastest badonaniitide hulgas midagi uut ja imelikku. Ühel tollase asustatud mägipiirkonna kirdeosas elanud mehel ja naisel hakkasid äkki sündima ebatavaliselt arukad lapsed. Sellest Sangiku perest said Urantia kõigi kuue värvilise rassi esivanemad. |
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64:5.2 (722.3) And now, among these highland Badonites there was a new and strange occurrence. A man and woman living in the northeastern part of the then inhabited highland region began suddenly to produce a family of unusually intelligent children. This was the Sangik family, the ancestors of all of the six colored races of Urantia. |
64:5.3 (722.4) Need Sangiku lapsed, keda oli kokku üheksateist, olid oma kaaslastest arukamad, peale selle oli nende nahal ainulaadne kalduvus päikese käes erinevaid värvusi omandada. Neist üheksateistkümnest lapsest viis olid punased, kaks oranžid, neli kollased, kaks rohelised, neli sinised ja kaks indigovärvi. Kui lapsed suureks kasvasid, muutus nende värvus veel tugevamaks, aga hiljem oma hõimukaaslastega paari heites kaldusid kõik nende järeltulijad Sangik-vanema nahavärvi omandama. |
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64:5.3 (722.4) These Sangik children, nineteen in number, were not only intelligent above their fellows, but their skins manifested a unique tendency to turn various colors upon exposure to sunlight. Among these nineteen children were five red, two orange, four yellow, two green, four blue, and two indigo. These colors became more pronounced as the children grew older, and when these youths later mated with their fellow tribesmen, all of their offspring tended toward the skin color of the Sangik parent. |
64:5.4 (722.5) Ning nüüd ma katkestan kronoloogilise jutustuse, juhtides vaid tähelepanu Planeedivürsti saabumisele ligikaudu sel ajal, ja kirjeldan järjest Urantia kõiki kuut sangikrassi. |
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64:5.4 (722.5) And now I interrupt the chronological narrative, after calling attention to the arrival of the Planetary Prince at about this time, while we separately consider the six Sangik races of Urantia. |
6. Urantia kuus sangikrassi ^top |
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6. The Six Sangik Races of Urantia ^top |
64:6.1 (722.6) Ühel keskmisel arengulisel planeedil ilmuvad kuus värvilist arengurassi ükshaaval; esimesena areneb välja punane inimene ja uitab ajastuid maailmas üksi, enne kui ilmuvad järgmised värvilised rassid. Kõigi kuue rassi üheaegne ilmumine Urantial ja ühe perena oli väga ebatavaline. |
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64:6.1 (722.6) On an average evolutionary planet the six evolutionary races of color appear one by one; the red man is the first to evolve, and for ages he roams the world before the succeeding colored races make their appearance. The simultaneous emergence of all six races on Urantia, and in one family, was most unusual. |
64:6.2 (723.1) Andoniitide ilmumises Urantial oli Satania jaoks samuti midagi uut. Üheski teises kohaliku süsteemi maailmas ei olnud taoline loodud tahteolendite rass arenenud enne värvilisi arengurasse. |
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64:6.2 (723.1) The appearance of the earlier Andonites on Urantia was also something new in Satania. On no other world in the local system has such a race of will creatures evolved in advance of the evolutionary races of color. |
64:6.3 (723.2) 1. Punane inimene. Need rahvad olid inimrassi silmapaistvad esindajad, Andoni ja Fontaga võrreldes paljuski kõrgemal arengutasemel. See oli väga arukas rühm ning nad olid Sangiku lastest esimesed, kellel arenes välja suguharu-tsivilisatsioon ja valitsus. Nad olid alati monogaamsed, polügaamia oli haruldane isegi nende segavereliste järeltulijate seas. |
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64:6.3 (723.2) 1. The red man. These peoples were remarkable specimens of the human race, in many ways superior to Andon and Fonta. They were a most intelligent group and were the first of the Sangik children to develop a tribal civilization and government. They were always monogamous; even their mixed descendants seldom practiced plural mating. |
64:6.4 (723.3) Hilisematel aegadel oli neil oma Aasias elavate kollaste vendadega tõsiseid ja pikalevenivaid lahkhelisid. Neid aitas vibu ja noole varane leiutamine, kuid nad olid pärinud kahjuks suures osas ka oma esivanemate kalduvuse omavahel võidelda ning see nõrgestas neid niivõrd, et kollased hõimud tõrjusid nad Aasia mandrilt välja. |
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64:6.4 (723.3) In later times they had serious and prolonged trouble with their yellow brethren in Asia. They were aided by their early invention of the bow and arrow, but they had unfortunately inherited much of the tendency of their ancestors to fight among themselves, and this so weakened them that the yellow tribes were able to drive them off the Asiatic continent. |
64:6.5 (723.4) Ligikaudu kaheksakümmend viis tuhat aastat tagasi suundusid punase rassi suhteliselt puhtaverelised jäänused massiliselt Põhja-Ameerikasse ning veidi pärast seda langes Beringi maakitsus vee alla, jättes nad isolatsiooni. Punane inimene ei naasnud enam kunagi Aasiasse. Kuid nad jätsid kõikjale Siberisse, Hiinasse, Kesk-Aasiasse, Indiasse ja Euroopasse palju oma tüvikonnast, mis segunes teiste värviliste rassidega. |
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64:6.5 (723.4) About eighty-five thousand years ago the comparatively pure remnants of the red race went en masse across to North America, and shortly thereafter the Bering land isthmus sank, thus isolating them. No red man ever returned to Asia. But throughout Siberia, China, central Asia, India, and Europe they left behind much of their stock blended with the other colored races. |
64:6.6 (723.5) Kui punane inimene üle maasilla Ameerikasse läks, viis ta kaasa palju oma varaseid õpetusi ja traditsioone. Tema otsesed esivanemad olid puutunud kokku sündmustega selle maailma Planeedivürsti keskuses. Kuid varsti pärast Ameerikasse jõudmist hakkas punane inimene neid õpetusi unustama ning tema intellektuaalne ja vaimne kultuur tegi läbi suure allakäigu. Peagi hakkasid need inimesed jälle nii ägedalt omavahel võitlema, et näis, nagu hävitaksid suguharusõjad lõppkokkuvõttes kiiresti selle suhteliselt puhtaverelise punase rassi jäänused. |
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64:6.6 (723.5) When the red man crossed over into America, he brought along much of the teachings and traditions of his early origin. His immediate ancestors had been in touch with the later activities of the world headquarters of the Planetary Prince. But in a short time after reaching the Americas, the red men began to lose sight of these teachings, and there occurred a great decline in intellectual and spiritual culture. Very soon these people again fell to fighting so fiercely among themselves that it appeared that these tribal wars would result in the speedy extinction of this remnant of the comparatively pure red race. |
64:6.7 (723.6) Suure taandarengu tõttu näis punane inimene hukule lähenevat, ent kuuskümmend viis tuhat aastat tagasi sai nende juhiks ja vaimseks vabastajaks Onamonalonton. Ta tõi Ameerika punaste inimeste vahele ajutise rahu ja taaselustas nende seas „Suure Vaimu” palveldamise. Onamonalonton elas üheksakümne kuue aastaseks ja tema keskus asus California suurte rannikusekvoiade vahel. Paljude tema hilisemate järeltulijate sugupuud on jõudnud tänapäeva mustjalgindiaanlaste hõimudeni. |
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64:6.7 (723.6) Because of this great retrogression the red men seemed doomed when, about sixty-five thousand years ago, Onamonalonton appeared as their leader and spiritual deliverer. He brought temporary peace among the American red men and revived their worship of the “Great Spirit.” Onamonalonton lived to be ninety-six years of age and maintained his headquarters among the great redwood trees of California. Many of his later descendants have come down to modern times among the Blackfoot Indians. |
64:6.8 (723.7) Aja möödudes said Onamonalontoni õpetustest ähmased traditsioonid. Alustati jälle vastastikuseid hävitussõdu ja enam kunagi pärast selle suure õpetaja aega ei ole ühelgi teisel juhil õnnestunud nende vahele üldist rahu luua. Neis hõimuvõitlustes hävis üha rohkem arukaid tüvikondi, muidu oleksid need võimekad ja arukad punased inimesed Põhja-Ameerika mandril suure tsivilisatsiooni üles ehitanud. |
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64:6.8 (723.7) As time passed, the teachings of Onamonalonton became hazy traditions. Internecine wars were resumed, and never after the days of this great teacher did another leader succeed in bringing universal peace among them. Increasingly the more intelligent strains perished in these tribal struggles; otherwise a great civilization would have been built upon the North American continent by these able and intelligent red men. |
64:6.9 (723.8) Pärast Hiinast Ameerikasse siirdumist ei puutunud põhjapoolne punane inimene maailma teiste mõjudega enam kunagi kokku (välja arvatud eskimod), kuni valge inimene tema hiljem avastas. Väga kahju, et punane inimene jäi peaaegu täielikult ilma võimalusest hilisema Aadama tüvikonna lisamisega täiustuda. Tegelikult oli nii, et punane inimene ei saanud valget inimest valitseda ning ei olnud nõus teda teenima. Kui kaks rassi sellises olukorras ei segune, on üks neist hukule määratud. |
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64:6.9 (723.8) After crossing over to America from China, the northern red man never again came in contact with other world influences (except the Eskimo) until he was later discovered by the white man. It was most unfortunate that the red man almost completely missed his opportunity of being upstepped by the admixture of the later Adamic stock. As it was, the red man could not rule the white man, and he would not willingly serve him. In such a circumstance, if the two races do not blend, one or the other is doomed. |
64:6.10 (723.9) 2. Oranž inimene. Selle rassi silmapaistvaks jooneks oli iseäralik tung ehitada, ehitada ükskõik mida ja kõike tohutute kivimägede kuhjamiseni lihtsalt selleks, et näha, missugune suguharu suudab kõrgeima mäe ehitada. Kuigi nad ei olnud edumeelne rahvas, said nad Vürsti koolidest palju kasulikku teada ning saatsid oma saadikud sinna õppima. |
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64:6.10 (723.9) 2. The orange man. The outstanding characteristic of this race was their peculiar urge to build, to build anything and everything, even to the piling up of vast mounds of stone just to see which tribe could build the largest mound. Though they were not a progressive people, they profited much from the schools of the Prince and sent delegates there for instruction. |
64:6.11 (724.1) Oranž rass oli esimene, kes siirdus mööda rannikut lõuna poole Aafrikasse, kui Vahemeri läände taandus. Kuid nad ei leidnud endale kunagi Aafrikas soodsat peatuspaika ning hiljem saabunud roheline rass lõpetas nende eksistentsi. |
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64:6.11 (724.1) The orange race was the first to follow the coast line southward toward Africa as the Mediterranean Sea withdrew to the west. But they never secured a favorable footing in Africa and were wiped out of existence by the later arriving green race. |
64:6.12 (724.2) Enne lõppu kaotas see rahvas veel palju oma kultuurilisi ja vaimseid pidepunkte. Kuid tänu sellele, et seda õnnetut rassi juhtis meistermeel Porshunta, kes hoolitses nende eest, kui nende keskus oli umbes kolmsada tuhat aastat tagasi Armaggedonis, toimus suur kõrgema eluviisi taaselustumine. |
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64:6.12 (724.2) Before the end came, this people lost much cultural and spiritual ground. But there was a great revival of higher living as a result of the wise leadership of Porshunta, the master mind of this unfortunate race, who ministered to them when their headquarters was at Armageddon some three hundred thousand years ago. |
64:6.13 (724.3) Oranži ja rohelise inimese vaheline viimane suur võitlus toimus Egiptuses, Niiluse alamjooksu oru aladel. See pikaleveninud võitlus kestis peaaegu sada aastat ja selle lõpuks olid oranžist rassist vaid väga vähesed ellu jäänud. Rahva laialipaisatud jäänused neelati roheliste ja hiljem saabunud indigoinimeste poolt. Kuid rassina lakkas oranž inimene eksisteerimast ligikaudu sada tuhat aastat tagasi. |
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64:6.13 (724.3) The last great struggle between the orange and the green men occurred in the region of the lower Nile valley in Egypt. This long-drawn-out battle was waged for almost one hundred years, and at its close very few of the orange race were left alive. The shattered remnants of these people were absorbed by the green and by the later arriving indigo men. But as a race the orange man ceased to exist about one hundred thousand years ago. |
64:6.14 (724.4) 3. Kollane inimene. Primitiivsed kollased suguharud olid esimesed, kes loobusid küttimisest, hakkasid elama paiksete kogukondadena ja arendasid välja põllumajandusel põhineva koduse elu. Intellektuaalselt olid nad punasest inimesest veidi madalamal tasemel, kuid sotsiaalselt ja kollektiivselt ületasid rassitsivilisatsiooni edendamisel kokkuvõttes kõiki sangikrahvaid. Neil kujunes välja vennalikkus ning erinevad hõimud õppisid seetõttu suhteliselt rahulikult koos elama ning suutsid punase rassi enda ees tagasi tõrjuda, kui järk-järgult Aasiasse laiali levisid. |
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64:6.14 (724.4) 3. The yellow man. The primitive yellow tribes were the first to abandon the chase, establish settled communities, and develop a home life based on agriculture. Intellectually they were somewhat inferior to the red man, but socially and collectively they proved themselves superior to all of the Sangik peoples in the matter of fostering racial civilization. Because they developed a fraternal spirit, the various tribes learning to live together in relative peace, they were able to drive the red race before them as they gradually expanded into Asia. |
64:6.15 (724.5) Nad rändasid kaugele maailma vaimse keskuse mõjudest ja langesid Caligastia usutaganemisele järgnenud suurde pimedusse. Kuid sellel rahval oli ka üks särav ajastu, kui umbes sada tuhat aastat tagasi võttis nende suguharude juhtimise üle Singlangton, kes kuulutas välja „Üheainsa Tõe” palveldamise. |
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64:6.15 (724.5) They traveled far from the influences of the spiritual headquarters of the world and drifted into great darkness following the Caligastia apostasy; but there occurred one brilliant age among this people when Singlangton, about one hundred thousand years ago, assumed the leadership of these tribes and proclaimed the worship of the “One Truth.” |
64:6.16 (724.6) Kollase rassi esindajaid jäi suhteliselt arvukalt ellu tänu nende suguharude vahel valitsenud rahule. Alates Singlangtoni päevist kuni nüüdisaegse Hiina ajani on kollast rassi peetud Urantia üheks kõige rahumeelsemaks rahvaks. See rass sai hiljem sissetoodud Aadama tüvikonnast väikese, kuid tõhusa pärandi. |
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64:6.16 (724.6) The survival of comparatively large numbers of the yellow race is due to their intertribal peacefulness. From the days of Singlangton to the times of modern China, the yellow race has been numbered among the more peaceful of the nations of Urantia. This race received a small but potent legacy of the later imported Adamic stock. |
64:6.17 (724.7) 4. Roheline inimene. Roheline rass oli üks ürginimeste vähemvõimekatest rühmadest, keda nõrgestasid väga ulatuslikud ränded erinevates suundades. Enne nende suguharude laialihajumist toimus Fantadi juhtimisel umbes kolmsada viiskümmend tuhat aastat tagasi suur kultuuriline taasärkamine. |
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64:6.17 (724.7) 4. The green man. The green race was one of the less able groups of primitive men, and they were greatly weakened by extensive migrations in different directions. Before their dispersion these tribes experienced a great revival of culture under the leadership of Fantad, some three hundred and fifty thousand years ago. |
64:6.18 (724.8) Roheline rass jagunes kolmeks suureks rühmaks. Põhjapoolsed suguharud alistati, orjastati ja neelati alla kollase ning sinise rassi poolt. Idapoolne rühm sulas ühte tolleaegsete India rahvastega ja nende jäänuseid on veel praegugi alles. Lõunapoolne rahvas siirdus Aafrikasse, kus nad hävitasid oma peaaegu niisama vähearenenud oranžid nõbud. |
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64:6.18 (724.8) The green race split into three major divisions: The northern tribes were subdued, enslaved, and absorbed by the yellow and blue races. The eastern group were amalgamated with the Indian peoples of those days, and remnants still persist among them. The southern nation entered Africa, where they destroyed their almost equally inferior orange cousins. |
64:6.19 (724.9) Need kaks rühma olid selles võitluses paljuski parajad vastased, sest kummaski sisaldus hiiglasliku klassi tüvikondi — paljud nende juhid olid kahe meetri ja neljakümne sentimeetri kuni kahe meetri ja seitsmekümne sentimeetri pikkused. Need rohelise inimese hiiglastüved piirdusid enamasti selle lõunapoolse ehk egiptuse rahvaga. |
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64:6.19 (724.9) In many ways both groups were evenly matched in this struggle since each carried strains of the giant order, many of their leaders being eight and nine feet in height. These giant strains of the green man were mostly confined to this southern or Egyptian nation. |
64:6.20 (725.1) Võidukate roheliste inimeste jäänused neeldusid hiljem indigorassi, mis viimase värvilise rahvana välja arenes ja sangikrasside keskusest laiali hajus. |
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64:6.20 (725.1) The remnants of the victorious green men were subsequently absorbed by the indigo race, the last of the colored peoples to develop and emigrate from the original Sangik center of race dispersion. |
64:6.21 (725.2) 5. Sinine inimene. Sinised inimesed olid suur rahvas. Nad leiutasid varakult piigi ja töötasid seejärel välja paljud nüüdisaegse tsivilisatsiooni kunstide alged. Sinisel inimesel oli punase inimese ajujõud koos kollase inimese hinge ja tundmustega. Aadama järeltulijad eelistasid neid kõigile hiljem püsima jäänud värvilistele rassidele. |
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64:6.21 (725.2) 5. The blue man. The blue men were a great people. They early invented the spear and subsequently worked out the rudiments of many of the arts of modern civilization. The blue man had the brain power of the red man associated with the soul and sentiment of the yellow man. The Adamic descendants preferred them to all of the later persisting colored races. |
64:6.22 (725.3) Varased sinised inimesed võtsid Vürst Caligastia kaaskonda kuuluvate õpetajate veenvaid õpetusi kuulda ning sattusid nende reeturlike õpetajate hilisemate moonutatud õpetuste tõttu suurde segadusse. Nagu teisedki primitiivsed rassid, ei toibunud nemadki enam kunagi päriselt Caligastia reeturlikkuse tekitatud vapustustest ega saanud kunagi täielikult üle kalduvusest omavahel võidelda. |
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64:6.22 (725.3) The early blue men were responsive to the persuasions of the teachers of Prince Caligastia’s staff and were thrown into great confusion by the subsequent perverted teachings of those traitorous leaders. Like other primitive races they never fully recovered from the turmoil produced by the Caligastia betrayal, nor did they ever completely overcome their tendency to fight among themselves. |
64:6.23 (725.4) Umbes viissada aastat pärast Caligastia langemist toimus algelise, kuid sellegipoolest reaalse ja kasuliku hariduse ning religiooni laialdane taassünd. Sinise rassi hulgas sai suureks õpetajaks Orlandof, kes juhtis paljud suguharud uuesti palveldama tõelist Jumalat, keda nimetati „Ülimaks Pealikuks”. See oli sinise inimese suurim edusamm kuni hilisema ajani, mil seda rassi Aadama tüvikonna lisamisega nii olulisel määral täiustati. |
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64:6.23 (725.4) About five hundred years after Caligastia’s downfall a widespread revival of learning and religion of a primitive sort—but none the less real and beneficial—occurred. Orlandof became a great teacher among the blue race and led many of the tribes back to the worship of the true God under the name of the “Supreme Chief.” This was the greatest advance of the blue man until those later times when this race was so greatly upstepped by the admixture of the Adamic stock. |
64:6.24 (725.5) Euroopas tehtud vanema kiviaja teaduslikud uuringud ongi põhiliselt seotud nende iidsete siniste inimeste tööriistade, luude ja kunstiesemetega, mida on leitud väljakaevamistel, sest nad püsisid Euroopas kuni hiljutise ajani. Urantia niinimetatud valged rassid on siniste inimeste järeltulijad, keda on teisendanud kõigepealt vähene segunemine kollase ja punase rassiga ning hilisem täiustumine, kui nad assimileerisid suure osa violetsest rassist. |
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64:6.24 (725.5) The European researches and explorations of the Old Stone Age have largely to do with unearthing the tools, bones, and artcraft of these ancient blue men, for they persisted in Europe until recent times. The so-called white races of Urantia are the descendants of these blue men as they were first modified by slight mixture with yellow and red, and as they were later greatly upstepped by assimilating the greater portion of the violet race. |
64:6.25 (725.6) 6. Indigo rass. Kui punased inimesed olid kõigist sangikrahvastest kõige arenenumad, siis mustad inimesed olid kõige vähem edumeelsed. Nad rändasid oma mäestikukodudest välja viimasena, liikusid Aafrikasse, võtsid selle mandri enda valdusesse ja on praeguse ajani sinna jäänud, välja arvatud need, keda mõnel ajastul on sunnitud sealt orjadena lahkuma. |
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64:6.25 (725.6) 6. The indigo race. As the red men were the most advanced of all the Sangik peoples, so the black men were the least progressive. They were the last to migrate from their highland homes. They journeyed to Africa, taking possession of the continent, and have ever since remained there except when they have been forcibly taken away, from age to age, as slaves. |
64:6.26 (725.7) Indigorahvad olid Aafrikas isoleeritud ja nagu punane inimene, nii jäid ka nemad peaaegu ilma rassi täiustumisvõimalusest, mille oleks neile andnud Aadama tüvikonna sissevalamine. Aafrikas üksi olles ei arenenud indigorass eriti edasi kuni Orvononi ajani, mil toimus suur vaimne ärkamine. Kuigi nad unustasid Orvononi kuulutatud „Jumalate Jumala” hiljem peaaegu täielikult, ei kadunud neil päriselt soov palveldada Tundmatut; mingi palveldamisvorm püsis neil veel vähemalt mõni tuhat aastat tagasi. |
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64:6.26 (725.7) Isolated in Africa, the indigo peoples, like the red man, received little or none of the race elevation which would have been derived from the infusion of the Adamic stock. Alone in Africa, the indigo race made little advancement until the days of Orvonon, when they experienced a great spiritual awakening. While they later almost entirely forgot the “God of Gods” proclaimed by Orvonon, they did not entirely lose the desire to worship the Unknown; at least they maintained a form of worship up to a few thousand years ago. |
64:6.27 (725.8) Vaatamata nende indigorahvaste mahajäämusele, on neil taevaste valitsejate ees täpselt sama seisund kui maakera kõigil teistel rassidel. |
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64:6.27 (725.8) Notwithstanding their backwardness, these indigo peoples have exactly the same standing before the celestial powers as any other earthly race. |
64:6.28 (725.9) Neil aegadel toimusid erinevate rasside vahel pinevad võitlused, kuid Planeedivürsti keskuse lähedal elasid valgustatumad hiljuti õpetust saanud rühmad suhteliselt harmooniliselt, kuigi selle korra tõsise lagunemise ajaks Luciferi mässu puhkedes ei olnud maailma rassid veel suuri kultuurilisi läbimurdeid teinud. |
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64:6.28 (725.9) These were ages of intense struggles between the various races, but near the headquarters of the Planetary Prince the more enlightened and more recently taught groups lived together in comparative harmony, though no great cultural conquest of the world races had been achieved up to the time of the serious disruption of this regime by the outbreak of the Lucifer rebellion. |
64:6.29 (726.1) Kõigil neil erinevatel rahvastel esines aeg-ajalt kultuurilisi ja vaimseid uuestisünde. Planeedivürsti-järgse aja üks suuri õpetajaid oli Mansant. Kuid siin mainitakse vaid neid väljapaistvaid juhte ja õpetajaid, kes tervet rassi märgatavalt mõjutasid ja innustasid. Aja möödudes kerkis erinevates piirkondades esile ka palju vähemtähtsaid õpetajaid ning kokkuvõttes andsid nad suure panuse neisse päästvatesse mõjudesse, mis hoidsid ära tsivilisatsiooni üldise kokkuvarisemise, eriti Caligastia mässu ja Aadama saabumise vahele jäänud pikkadel pimedatel ajastutel. |
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64:6.29 (726.1) From time to time all of these different peoples experienced cultural and spiritual revivals. Mansant was a great teacher of the post-Planetary Prince days. But mention is made only of those outstanding leaders and teachers who markedly influenced and inspired a whole race. With the passing of time, many lesser teachers arose in different regions; and in the aggregate they contributed much to the sum total of those saving influences which prevented the total collapse of cultural civilization, especially during the long and dark ages between the Caligastia rebellion and the arrival of Adam. |
64:6.30 (726.2) Kolme või kuue värvilise rassi väljaarendamise kaval kosmosemaailmades on palju häid ja ammendavaid põhjendusi. Ehkki Urantia surelikud ei pruugi olla võimelised kõigist neist põhjustest täielikult aru saama, juhiksime tähelepanu järgmistele asjaoludele: |
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64:6.30 (726.2) There are many good and sufficient reasons for the plan of evolving either three or six colored races on the worlds of space. Though Urantia mortals may not be in a position fully to appreciate all of these reasons, we would call attention to the following: |
64:6.31 (726.3) 1. mitmekesisus on asendamatu tegur valikuvõimaluste loomiseks, et toimiks laialdane looduslik valik, arenenumate tüvikondade diferentseeritud ellujäämine; |
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64:6.31 (726.3) 1. Variety is indispensable to opportunity for the wide functioning of natural selection, differential survival of superior strains. |
64:6.32 (726.4) 2. erinevate rahvaste ristumisel tekivad tugevamad ja paremad rassid, kui need erinevad rassid on täiuslikumate pärilikkustegurite kandjad. Niisugune varane segunemine oleks olnud Urantia rassidele kasulik, kui seda ühtset rahvast oleks hiljem tõhusalt täiustatud arenenuma Aadama tüvikonna radikaalse lisamisega. Püüe teostada seda katset Urantial praegustes rassitingimustes lõpeks täieliku katastroofiga; |
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64:6.32 (726.4) 2. Stronger and better races are to be had from the interbreeding of diverse peoples when these different races are carriers of superior inheritance factors. And the Urantia races would have benefited by such an early amalgamation provided such a conjoint people could have been subsequently effectively upstepped by a thoroughgoing admixture with the superior Adamic stock. The attempt to execute such an experiment on Urantia under present racial conditions would be highly disastrous. |
64:6.33 (726.5) 3. rassiline mitmekesisus stimuleerib tervet konkurentsi; |
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64:6.33 (726.5) 3. Competition is healthfully stimulated by diversification of races. |
64:6.34 (726.6) 4. erinevused rasside ja rassisiseste rühmade staatuses aitavad inimestes oluliselt arendada sallivust ja altruismi; |
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64:6.34 (726.6) 4. Differences in status of the races and of groups within each race are essential to the development of human tolerance and altruism. |
64:6.35 (726.7) 5. inimrassi homogeensus on soovitatav alles siis, kui areneva maailma rahvad jõuavad suhteliselt kõrgele vaimsele arengutasemele. |
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64:6.35 (726.7) 5. Homogeneity of the human race is not desirable until the peoples of an evolving world attain comparatively high levels of spiritual development. |
7. Värviliste rasside hajumine ^top |
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7. Dispersion of the Colored Races ^top |
64:7.1 (726.8) Kui Sangiku perekonna värvilised järeltulijad hakkasid järglasi saama ning nad otsisid võimalust naaberterritooriume hõivata, oli viies, geoloogilise arvestuse järgi kolmas liustik oma teel lõunasse üle Euroopa ja Aasia üsna kaugele jõudnud. Varaseid värvilisi rasse tabasid nende tekkimisaegse jääajastu erakordselt karmid katsumused. See liustik oli Aasias nii ulatuslik, et ränded Ida-Aasiasse olid tuhandeteks aastateks ära lõigatud. Ning nad võisid Aafrikasse pääseda alles siis, kui Vahemeri hiljem, pärast Araabia kerkimist taandus. |
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64:7.1 (726.8) When the colored descendants of the Sangik family began to multiply, and as they sought opportunity for expansion into adjacent territory, the fifth glacier, the third of geologic count, was well advanced on its southern drift over Europe and Asia. These early colored races were extraordinarily tested by the rigors and hardships of the glacial age of their origin. This glacier was so extensive in Asia that for thousands of years migration to eastern Asia was cut off. And not until the later retreat of the Mediterranean Sea, consequent upon the elevation of Arabia, was it possible for them to reach Africa. |
64:7.2 (726.9) Seetõttu hajusid sangikrahvad peaaegu saja tuhande aasta jooksul eelmäestikes laiali ja segunesid omavahel suuremal või vähemal määral, vaatamata erinevate rasside vahelisele varakult avaldunud iseäralikule, kuid loomulikule vastumeelsusele. |
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64:7.2 (726.9) Thus it was that for almost one hundred thousand years these Sangik peoples spread out around the foothills and mingled together more or less, notwithstanding the peculiar but natural antipathy which early manifested itself between the different races. |
64:7.3 (726.10) Planeedivürsti ja Aadama aja vahepeal sai India koduks kõige kosmopoliitilisemale elanikkonnale, mis maailmas kunagi on esinenud. Kuid see segu sisaldas kahjuks väga palju rohelist, oranži ja indigorassi. Neile teisestele sangikrahvastele tundus elu lõunamaadel lihtsam ja meeldivam ning paljud neist rändasid hiljem Aafrikasse. Esmased sangikrahvad, arenenumad rassid vältisid troopikat: punane inimene siirdus kirdesse Aasiasse ning kohe järgnes talle ka kollane inimene, sinine rass liikus loodesse Euroopasse. |
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64:7.3 (726.10) Between the times of the Planetary Prince and Adam, India became the home of the most cosmopolitan population ever to be found on the face of the earth. But it was unfortunate that this mixture came to contain so much of the green, orange, and indigo races. These secondary Sangik peoples found existence more easy and agreeable in the southlands, and many of them subsequently migrated to Africa. The primary Sangik peoples, the superior races, avoided the tropics, the red man going northeast to Asia, closely followed by the yellow man, while the blue race moved northwest into Europe. |
64:7.4 (727.1) Punane inimene rändas kirdesse juba varakult, taanduva jää kannul, möödudes ringiga India mägismaadest ja hõivates kogu Aasia kirdeosa. Temale järgnesid kohe kollased hõimud, kes tõrjusid ta hiljem Aasiast välja Põhja-Ameerikasse. |
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64:7.4 (727.1) The red men early began to migrate to the northeast, on the heels of the retreating ice, passing around the highlands of India and occupying all of northeastern Asia. They were closely followed by the yellow tribes, who subsequently drove them out of Asia into North America. |
64:7.5 (727.2) Kui punase rassi liini suhteliselt puhtad jäänused Aasiast lahkusid, oli neid üksteist suguharu, kuhu kuulus veidi üle seitsme tuhande mehe, naise ja lapse. Neid suguharusid saatis kolm väikest mitmesuguste esivanematega rühma, millest suurim oli oranži ja sinise rassi segu. Need kolm rühma ei loonud kunagi punase inimesega päris vennalikke suhteid ja rändasid varakult lõunasse — Mehhikosse ja Kesk-Ameerikasse, kus nendega hiljem ühines väike kollaste ja punaste inimeste segarühm. Nende rahvaste seas oli segaabielusid, mille tulemusena pandi alus uuele segunenud rassile, mis oli palju vähem sõjakas kui puhtasse punasesse liini kuuluvad inimesed. Viie tuhande aasta jooksul jagunes see ühtesulanud rass kolmeks rühmaks ning rajas vastavalt Mehhiko, Kesk-Ameerika ja Lõuna-Ameerika tsivilisatsioonid. Lõuna-Ameerika haru sai ka veidi Aadama verd. |
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64:7.5 (727.2) When the relatively pure-line remnants of the red race forsook Asia, there were eleven tribes, and they numbered a little over seven thousand men, women, and children. These tribes were accompanied by three small groups of mixed ancestry, the largest of these being a combination of the orange and blue races. These three groups never fully fraternized with the red man and early journeyed southward to Mexico and Central America, where they were later joined by a small group of mixed yellows and reds. These peoples all intermarried and founded a new and amalgamated race, one which was much less warlike than the pure-line red men. Within five thousand years this amalgamated race broke up into three groups, establishing the civilizations respectively of Mexico, Central America, and South America. The South American offshoot did receive a faint touch of the blood of Adam. |
64:7.6 (727.3) Varased punased ja kollased inimesed segunesid Aasias teatud määral omavahel ja selle liidu järglased rändasid ida poole ning piki lõunarannikut edasi, kuni kiiresti kasvav kollane rass tõrjus nad poolsaartele ja lähedastele meresaartele. Need on praegused pruunid inimesed. |
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64:7.6 (727.3) To a certain extent the early red and yellow men mingled in Asia, and the offspring of this union journeyed on to the east and along the southern seacoast and, eventually, were driven by the rapidly increasing yellow race onto the peninsulas and near-by islands of the sea. They are the present-day brown men. |
64:7.7 (727.4) Kollane rass elab endiselt Ida-Aasia keskosas. Neid on kõigist kuuest rassist kõige rohkem alles jäänud. Kuigi kollased inimesed pidasid samuti aeg-ajalt rassisõdu, ei toimunud neil nii lakkamatuid ja halastamatuid hävitussõdu kui punastel, rohelistel ja oranžidel inimestel. Need kolm rassi hukutasid end tegelikult ise, enne kui teistest rassidest vaenlased nad peaaegu lõplikult hävitasid. |
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64:7.7 (727.4) The yellow race has continued to occupy the central regions of eastern Asia. Of all the six colored races they have survived in greatest numbers. While the yellow men now and then engaged in racial war, they did not carry on such incessant and relentless wars of extermination as were waged by the red, green, and orange men. These three races virtually destroyed themselves before they were finally all but annihilated by their enemies of other races. |
64:7.8 (727.5) Kuna Euroopas ei ulatunud viies jäätumine nii kaugele lõunasse, oli neil sangikrahvastel tee loodesse rändamiseks osaliselt lahti ja jää taandudes liikusid sinised inimesed koos mõne teise väikese rassirühmaga mööda Andoni suguharude kunagisi radu läände. Nad tungisid järjestikuste lainetena Euroopasse ja hõivasid suurema osa mandrist. |
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64:7.8 (727.5) Since the fifth glacier did not extend so far south in Europe, the way was partially open for these Sangik peoples to migrate to the northwest; and upon the retreat of the ice the blue men, together with a few other small racial groups, migrated westward along the old trails of the Andon tribes. They invaded Europe in successive waves, occupying most of the continent. |
64:7.9 (727.6) Euroopas kohtasid nad peagi oma varase ühise esivanema Andoni neandertallastest järglasi. Jää oli need Euroopa vanemad neandertallased lõunasse ja itta tõrjunud ning nad suutsid seetõttu kiiresti oma sangiksuguharudest pärit nõbudele vastu astuda ja nad endasse haarata. |
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64:7.9 (727.6) In Europe they soon encountered the Neanderthal descendants of their early and common ancestor, Andon. These older European Neanderthalers had been driven south and east by the glacier and thus were in position quickly to encounter and absorb their invading cousins of the Sangik tribes. |
64:7.10 (727.7) Tuleb kohe öelda, et sangiksuguharud olid varaste andoniitidest tasandikuelanike mandunud järeltulijatest üldiselt arukamad ja paljuski kõrgemini arenenud; nende sangiksuguharude segunemine neandertali rahvastega täiustas kohe seda vanemat rassi. See sangikvere, eriti just sinise inimese vere sissevool täiustas neandertali rahvaid märgatavalt, mis ilmnes üha arukamate suguharude järjestikuste lainete levimises idast üle Euroopa. |
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64:7.10 (727.7) In general and to start with, the Sangik tribes were more intelligent than, and in most ways far superior to, the deteriorated descendants of the early Andonic plainsmen; and the mingling of these Sangik tribes with the Neanderthal peoples led to the immediate improvement of the older race. It was this infusion of Sangik blood, more especially that of the blue man, which produced that marked improvement in the Neanderthal peoples exhibited by the successive waves of increasingly intelligent tribes that swept over Europe from the east. |
64:7.11 (727.8) Järgneva jäätumistevahelise perioodi jooksul ulatus see uus neandertali rass Inglismaalt Indiani. Vanale Pärsia poolsaarele jäänud sinise rassi jäänused sulasid hiljem kokku teatavate teiste rassidega, eeskätt kollaste inimestega. Tekkinud segu, mida hiljem Aadama violetne rass mõnevõrra täiustas, on säilinud praeguseni tõmmude Araabia rändsuguharudena. |
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64:7.11 (727.8) During the following interglacial period this new Neanderthal race extended from England to India. The remnant of the blue race left in the old Persian peninsula later amalgamated with certain others, primarily the yellow; and the resultant blend, subsequently somewhat upstepped by the violet race of Adam, has persisted as the swarthy nomadic tribes of modern Arabs. |
64:7.12 (728.1) Kõigis püüetes nüüdisaegsete rahvaste sangikesivanemaid välja selgitada tuleb arvestada rassitüvede hilisemat täiustumist Aadama vere lisamise teel. |
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64:7.12 (728.1) All efforts to identify the Sangik ancestry of modern peoples must take into account the later improvement of the racial strains by the subsequent admixture of Adamic blood. |
64:7.13 (728.2) Arenenumad rassid eelistasid põhjapoolset ja parasvöötme kliimat, oranž, roheline ja indigorass jõudsid aga edukalt Aafrikasse üle äsja kerkinud maismaasilla, mis eraldas läände taanduvat Vahemerd India ookeanist. |
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64:7.13 (728.2) The superior races sought the northern or temperate climes, while the orange, green, and indigo races successively gravitated to Africa over the newly elevated land bridge which separated the westward retreating Mediterranean from the Indian Ocean. |
64:7.14 (728.3) Indigoinimene oli sangikrahvastest viimane, kes oma rassi päritolukeskusest välja rändas. Umbes sel ajal, kui roheline inimene hävitas Egiptuses oranži rassi ja end sellega märgatavalt nõrgestas, algas suur mustade väljaränd läbi Palestiina ja mööda rannikut lõunasse. Hiljem, kui need füüsiliselt tugevad indigoinimesed üle kogu Egiptuse levisid, pühkisid nad üksnes oma arvukusega rohelise inimese teelt. Need indigorassid haarasid oranži inimese jäänused ja suure osa rohelise inimese tüvikonnast endasse ning see rasside ühtesulamine täiustas teatavaid indigohõime tunduvalt. |
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64:7.14 (728.3) The last of the Sangik peoples to migrate from their center of race origin was the indigo man. About the time the green man was killing off the orange race in Egypt and greatly weakening himself in so doing, the great black exodus started south through Palestine along the coast; and later, when these physically strong indigo peoples overran Egypt, they wiped the green man out of existence by sheer force of numbers. These indigo races absorbed the remnants of the orange man and much of the stock of the green man, and certain of the indigo tribes were considerably improved by this racial amalgamation. |
64:7.15 (728.4) Ja nii juhtuski, et Egiptuses oli algul ülekaalus oranž, siis roheline, seejärel indigo (must) inimene ja veel hiljem indigo-, sinise ja teisenenud roheliste inimeste segavereline rass. Ent Euroopa sinised inimesed ja Araabia segarassid tõrjusid indigorassi ammu enne Aadama saabumist Egiptusest välja kaugele Aafrika mandri lõunaossa. |
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64:7.15 (728.4) And so it appears that Egypt was first dominated by the orange man, then by the green, followed by the indigo (black) man, and still later by a mongrel race of indigo, blue, and modified green men. But long before Adam arrived, the blue men of Europe and the mixed races of Arabia had driven the indigo race out of Egypt and far south on the African continent. |
64:7.16 (728.5) Kui sangikute ränded hakkasid lõpule jõudma, olid roheline ja oranž rass kadunud, punane inimene valitses Põhja-Ameerikas, kollane inimene Ida-Aasias, sinine inimene Euroopas ja indigorass oli jõudnud Aafrikasse. Indias elas teiseste sangikrasside segu ning pruun inimene, punase ja rohelise segu, asustas Aasia ranniku äärseid saari. Lõuna-Ameerika mäestikes elas üsna kõrge potentsiaaliga ühtesulanud rass. Puhtamad andoniidid paiknesid Euroopa kõige põhjapoolsematel aladel ja Islandil, Gröönimaal ning Põhja-Ameerika kirdeosas. |
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64:7.16 (728.5) As the Sangik migrations draw to a close, the green and orange races are gone, the red man holds North America, the yellow man eastern Asia, the blue man Europe, and the indigo race has gravitated to Africa. India harbors a blend of the secondary Sangik races, and the brown man, a blend of the red and yellow, holds the islands off the Asiatic coast. An amalgamated race of rather superior potential occupies the highlands of South America. The purer Andonites live in the extreme northern regions of Europe and in Iceland, Greenland, and northeastern North America. |
64:7.17 (728.6) Perioodidel, mil jää oli kõige kaugemale liikunud, tõrjuti läänepoolseimad andoniitide hõimud peaaegu merre. Nad elasid aastaid praeguse Inglismaa saare kitsal lõunaribal. Ning kui lõpuks algas kuues ja viimane jäätumine, sundiski teadmine neist jää üha korduvatest pealetungidest neid merele minema. Nemad olid esimesed meresõitjad. Nad ehitasid paadid ja hakkasid otsima uusi maid, mida jää tohutu pealetung loodetavasti ei kimbutaks. Ja mõned neist jõudsid Islandile, teised Gröönimaale, kuid enamik hukkus avamerel nälja ja janu tõttu. |
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64:7.17 (728.6) During the periods of farthest glacial advance the westernmost of the Andon tribes came very near being driven into the sea. They lived for years on a narrow southern strip of the present island of England. And it was the tradition of these repeated glacial advances that drove them to take to the sea when the sixth and last glacier finally appeared. They were the first marine adventurers. They built boats and started in search of new lands which they hoped might be free from the terrifying ice invasions. And some of them reached Iceland, others Greenland, but the vast majority perished from hunger and thirst on the open sea. |
64:7.18 (728.7) Veidi üle kaheksakümne tuhande aasta tagasi, varsti pärast punase inimese saabumist Põhja-Ameerika loodeossa, sundis põhjapoolsete merede külmumine ja kohalike jääväljade pealetung Gröönimaal neid Urantia põliselanike eskimotest järeltulijaid paremat maad, uut kodu otsima; ja see õnnestuski neil, kui nad ületasid kitsa väina, mis eraldas tol ajal Gröönimaad Põhja-Ameerika kirdeosa maismaast. Nad jõudsid mandrile ligikaudu kakskümmend üks tuhat aastat pärast punase inimese saabumist Alaskale. Seejärel rändas osa sinise inimese segatüvest läände ja segunes hilisemate eskimotega ning see liit oli eskimohõimudele mõneti kasulik. |
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64:7.18 (728.7) A little more than eighty thousand years ago, shortly after the red man entered northwestern North America, the freezing over of the north seas and the advance of local ice fields on Greenland drove these Eskimo descendants of the Urantia aborigines to seek a better land, a new home; and they were successful, safely crossing the narrow straits which then separated Greenland from the northeastern land masses of North America. They reached the continent about twenty-one hundred years after the red man arrived in Alaska. Subsequently some of the mixed stock of the blue man journeyed westward and amalgamated with the later-day Eskimos, and this union was slightly beneficial to the Eskimo tribes. |
64:7.19 (728.8) Ligikaudu viis tuhat aastat tagasi kohtus üks indiaanlaste hõim Hudsoni lahe edelakaldal juhuslikult üksiku eskimorühmaga. Neil kahel hõimul oli raske omavahel suhelda, kuid üsna pea tekkisid segaabielud, mille tulemusena eskimod sulasid lõpuks punaste inimeste suurema rühmaga kokku. Ja see oli Põhja-Ameerika punase inimese ainus kokkupuude mõne teise inimtüvega kuni ajani umbes tuhat aastat tagasi, mil valge inimene esmakordselt juhuslikult Atlandi ookeani rannikul maabus. |
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64:7.19 (728.8) About five thousand years ago a chance meeting occurred between an Indian tribe and a lone Eskimo group on the southeastern shores of Hudson Bay. These two tribes found it difficult to communicate with each other, but very soon they intermarried with the result that these Eskimos were eventually absorbed by the more numerous red men. And this represents the only contact of the North American red man with any other human stock down to about one thousand years ago, when the white man first chanced to land on the Atlantic coast. |
64:7.20 (729.1) Neil varastel aegadel toimunud võitlusi iseloomustas julgus, vaprus ja isegi kangelaslikkus. Ning meil kõigil on kahju, et nii paljud teie varajaste esivanemate selged ja tugevad jooned on hilisemate rasside jaoks kaduma läinud. Väärtustades küll paljusid edasiliikuva tsivilisatsiooni saavutusi, tunneme siiski puudust teie varajaste esivanemate suurepärasest järjekindlusest ja pühendumusest, mis oli vahel peaaegu suursugune ja ülev. |
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64:7.20 (729.1) The struggles of these early ages were characterized by courage, bravery, and even heroism. And we all regret that so many of those sterling and rugged traits of your early ancestors have been lost to the later-day races. While we appreciate the value of many of the refinements of advancing civilization, we miss the magnificent persistency and superb devotion of your early ancestors, which oftentimes bordered on grandeur and sublimity. |
64:7.21 (729.2) [Esitanud Urantial asuv Elukandja.] |
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64:7.21 (729.2) [Presented by a Life Carrier resident on Urantia.] |