第57篇		Paper 57
玉苒厦(Urantia)的起源		The Origin of Urantia
57:0.1 (651.1) 在呈现耶路瑟姆(Jerusem)档案中有关玉苒厦(Urantia)来历及其早期历史记录的过程中，我们被指示去依照当前的惯例 -- 即以一年365¼天的现行闰年历法来计算时间。一般说来，虽然它们都来自于记录，但我们都不想给出其确切年份。我们将使用最为接近的整数来作为呈现这些历史事实的更好方式。		57:0.1 (651.1) IN PRESENTING excerpts from the archives of Jerusem for the records of Urantia respecting its antecedents and early history, we are directed to reckon time in terms of current usage—the present leap-year calendar of 365¼ days to the year. As a rule, no attempt will be made to give exact years, though they are of record. We will use the nearest whole numbers as the better method of presenting these historic facts.
57:0.2 (651.2) 当提到一两百万年前的一个事件时，我们有意将它自基督纪元的二十世纪早期往前回溯那么多年。我们将依此方式将这些久远的事件描述为发生在数千年、数百万年及数十亿年的均等时期内。		57:0.2 (651.2) When referring to an event as of one or two millions of years ago, we intend to date such an occurrence back that number of years from the early decades of the twentieth century of the Christian era. We will thus depict these far-distant events as occurring in even periods of thousands, millions, and billions of years.
1. 安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云 ^top		1. The Andronover Nebula ^top
57:1.1 (651.3) 玉苒厦(Urantia)起源于你们的太阳当中，而你们的太阳则是安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云形形色色的产物之一，该星云曾一度作为内巴顿(Nebadon)地方宇宙物理力量和物质材料的一个组成部分而被组织起来。而这个巨大的星云自身，则是在很久以前起源于奥温顿(Orvonton)超级宇宙普遍存在的空间力荷当中。		57:1.1 (651.3) Urantia is of origin in your sun, and your sun is one of the multifarious offspring of the Andronover nebula, which was onetime organized as a component part of the physical power and material matter of the local universe of Nebadon. And this great nebula itself took origin in the universal force-charge of space in the superuniverse of Orvonton, long, long ago.
57:1.2 (651.4) 在该述说之事开始之时，天堂的初始类主位力组织者早已对之后组织为安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云的各种空间能量进行完全控制了。		57:1.2 (651.4) At the time of the beginning of this recital, the Primary Master Force Organizers of Paradise had long been in full control of the space-energies which were later organized as the Andronover nebula.
57:1.3 (651.5) 987,000,000,000（九千八百七十亿）年前，自尤沃萨(Uversa)出行的协同类主位力组织者，以及当时奥温顿(Orvonton)系列的第811,307号代理性督察者向亘古常在者们报告，当时在奥温顿(Orvonton)东部的一个特定分区内，各种空间状况已有利于物质化现象的引发。		57:1.3 (651.5) 987,000,000,000 years ago associate force organizer and then acting inspector number 811,307 of the Orvonton series, traveling out from Uversa, reported to the Ancients of Days that space conditions were favorable for the initiation of materialization phenomena in a certain sector of the, then, easterly segment of Orvonton.
57:1.4 (651.6) 900,000,000,000（九千亿）年前，尤沃萨(Uversa)的档案表明，尤沃萨均衡理事会曾向超级宇宙管理机构颁发过一个许可，授权派遣一名力组织者及其属员，去往之前由811,307号督察者所指涉的区域。奥温顿(Orvonton)当权者们则委托这个潜在宇宙的最初发现者，去执行亘古常在者们要求组织一个新的物质性造物的指令。		57:1.4 (651.6) 900,000,000,000 years ago, the Uversa archives testify, there was recorded a permit issued by the Uversa Council of Equilibrium to the superuniverse government authorizing the dispatch of a force organizer and staff to the region previously designated by inspector number 811,307. The Orvonton authorities commissioned the original discoverer of this potential universe to execute the mandate of the Ancients of Days calling for the organization of a new material creation.
57:1.5 (652.1) 关于这一许可的记录表明，这位力组织者及其属员已从尤沃萨(Uversa)出发，踏上了前往那一东部空间分区的漫长旅程，随后他们便在那儿忙于那些旷日持久的活动，它们以一个新的物质性造物在奥温顿(Orvonton)中的出现而告终。		57:1.5 (652.1) The recording of this permit signifies that the force organizer and staff had already departed from Uversa on the long journey to that easterly space sector where they were subsequently to engage in those protracted activities which would terminate in the emergence of a new physical creation in Orvonton.
57:1.6 (652.2) 875,000,000,000（八千七百五十亿）年前，巨大的876,926号安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云得以适时引发。只需要力组织者及其联络属员的临在便可去开启该能量旋涡，它最后会发展成为这个巨大的空间气旋。继这样的星云旋转引发之后，鲜活的力组织者便会简单地沿垂直于旋转盘面的角度撤回，从那时起，各种固有的能量特性便会确保这样一个新物质系统的逐步有序演化。		57:1.6 (652.2) 875,000,000,000 years ago the enormous Andronover nebula number 876,926 was duly initiated. Only the presence of the force organizer and the liaison staff was required to inaugurate the energy whirl which eventually grew into this vast cyclone of space. Subsequent to the initiation of such nebular revolutions, the living force organizers simply withdraw at right angles to the plane of the revolutionary disk, and from that time forward, the inherent qualities of energy insure the progressive and orderly evolution of such a new physical system.
57:1.7 (652.3) 大约在这一时候，该陈述要转向超级宇宙人格的运作了。事实上，故事正是在这一点上有了其适当的开端 -- 亦即大约在天堂力组织者们准备撤回之时，此时他们已使空间-能量状况为奥温顿(Orvonton)超级宇宙的力量主管者和物理控制者们的行动做好了准备。		57:1.7 (652.3) At about this time the narrative shifts to the functioning of the personalities of the superuniverse. In reality the story has its proper beginning at this point—at just about the time the Paradise force organizers are preparing to withdraw, having made the space-energy conditions ready for the action of the power directors and physical controllers of the superuniverse of Orvonton.
2. 第一星云阶段 ^top		2. The Primary Nebular Stage ^top
57:2.1 (652.4) 所有进化类物质造物都源自于圆形的气态星云，所有这类初期的星云，在其气态存在的早期阶段都是圆形的。随着其逐渐成长，它们通常会变成螺旋形，而当其恒星生成职能不断发展时，它们通常会成为星团，或是成为由不同数量行星、卫星及较小团物质所围绕的巨大恒星族，在很多方面类似于你们自己的小型太阳系。		57:2.1 (652.4) All evolutionary material creations are born of circular and gaseous nebulae, and all such primary nebulae are circular throughout the early part of their gaseous existence. As they grow older, they usually become spiral, and when their function of sun formation has run its course, they often terminate as clusters of stars or as enormous suns surrounded by a varying number of planets, satellites, and smaller groups of matter in many ways resembling your own diminutive solar system.
57:2.2 (652.5) 800,000,000,000（八千亿）年前，安卓诺瓦(Andronover)作为奥温顿(Orvonton)壮丽的初期星云之一，而得以充分创建起来。当邻近宇宙的天文学家们遥望这一空间现象时，他们几乎未看到任何吸引他们注意的东西。邻近造物中所做出的引力估算表明，安卓诺瓦各区域内正在发生着空间物质化，但也仅此而已。		57:2.2 (652.5) 800,000,000,000 years ago the Andronover creation was well established as one of the magnificent primary nebulae of Orvonton. As the astronomers of near-by universes looked out upon this phenomenon of space, they saw very little to attract their attention. Gravity estimates made in adjacent creations indicated that space materializations were taking place in the Andronover regions, but that was all.
57:2.3 (652.6) 700,000,000,000（七千亿）年前，安卓诺瓦(Andronover)系统逐渐呈现出庞大的体积，为了对这个如此快速演化的新物质系统的力量汇聚者们提供支持及予以配合，额外的物理控制者们被派到了它周围的九个物质性造物中。在这一遥远的年代，所有被留给后继造物的物质，都被保存在这个庞大空间转轮的范围内，该轮持续不断地旋转下去，并在达到其最大直径后，随其不断凝聚收缩而旋转地愈来愈快。		57:2.3 (652.6) 700,000,000,000 years ago the Andronover system was assuming gigantic proportions, and additional physical controllers were dispatched to nine surrounding material creations to afford support and supply co-operation to the power centers of this new material system which was so rapidly evolving. At this distant date all of the material bequeathed to the subsequent creations was held within the confines of this gigantic space wheel, which continued ever to whirl and, after reaching its maximum of diameter, to whirl faster and faster as it continued to condense and contract.
57:2.4 (652.7) 600,000,000,000（六千亿）年前，达到了安卓诺瓦(Andronover)能量动员的鼎盛期；星云已经获得了其最大体积。此时它是一个巨大的圆形气态云，形状有些像一个扁平的椭球体。这便是具有不同体积构成、不同旋转速度的早期阶段。引力和其他影响因素正准备开始其将空间气体转变为有组织物质的工作。		57:2.4 (652.7) 600,000,000,000 years ago the height of the Andronover energy-mobilization period was attained; the nebula had acquired its maximum of mass. At this time it was a gigantic circular gas cloud in shape somewhat like a flattened spheroid. This was the early period of differential mass formation and varying revolutionary velocity. Gravity and other influences were about to begin their work of converting space gases into organized matter.
3. 第二星云阶段 ^top		3. The Secondary Nebular Stage ^top
57:3.1 (653.1) 这时，巨大的星云开始逐步呈现螺旋状，甚至对于各个遥远宇宙的天文学家们来说也会变得清晰可见。这便是大多数星云的自然历史；在它们开始抛出恒星并启动构建宇宙的工作之前，这些第二阶段的空间星云常被观察为螺旋状现象。		57:3.1 (653.1) The enormous nebula now began gradually to assume the spiral form and to become clearly visible to the astronomers of even distant universes. This is the natural history of most nebulae; before they begin to throw off suns and start upon the work of universe building, these secondary space nebulae are usually observed as spiral phenomena.
57:3.2 (653.2) 那一久远时代的近邻星象研究者们，在其观察安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云的这种变形时所看到的，与二十世纪的天文学家将其望远镜转向空间并观察邻近外部空间的现代螺旋状星云时所看到的并无二致。		57:3.2 (653.2) The near-by star students of that faraway era, as they observed this metamorphosis of the Andronover nebula, saw exactly what twentieth-century astronomers see when they turn their telescopes spaceward and view the present-age spiral nebulae of adjacent outer space.
57:3.3 (653.3) 大约在达到最大体积时，对气态成分的引力控制开始减弱，接下来便是气体逃逸阶段，气体往外流出而形成两条巨大而清晰的臂膀，它们发源于母体的相对两侧。这一巨大中央核心的急速旋转，很快使这两股投射出的气流呈现出一种螺旋状的外观。这两个伸出臂膀各个部分的逐渐冷凝和相继收缩，最终形成了其多节的外观。这些较为稠密的部分，是充满物理性物质的庞大系统及子系统，它们会在星云的气态云中间旋转通过空间，并会被牢牢把持在母体转轮的引力掌控之内。		57:3.3 (653.3) About the time of the attainment of the maximum of mass, the gravity control of the gaseous content commenced to weaken, and there ensued the stage of gas escapement, the gas streaming forth as two gigantic and distinct arms, which took origin on opposite sides of the mother mass. The rapid revolutions of this enormous central core soon imparted a spiral appearance to these two projecting gas streams. The cooling and subsequent condensation of portions of these protruding arms eventually produced their knotted appearance. These denser portions were vast systems and subsystems of physical matter whirling through space in the midst of the gaseous cloud of the nebula while being held securely within the gravity grasp of the mother wheel.
57:3.4 (653.4) 但是星云已经开始收缩，旋转速度的加快，进一步减弱了其引力控制；不久，外层气态区域事实上也开始逃脱星云核心的直接环抱，而沿各种具有不规则轮廓的环路抛撒到空间中，并将会返回星云核心区域以完成其环路，循此不息。但这仅仅是星云发展的一个临时阶段。不断加快的旋转速度，很快便会将巨大的恒星沿着各自不同的环路抛进空间中。		57:3.4 (653.4) But the nebula had begun to contract, and the increase in the rate of revolution further lessened gravity control; and erelong, the outer gaseous regions began actually to escape from the immediate embrace of the nebular nucleus, passing out into space on circuits of irregular outline, returning to the nuclear regions to complete their circuits, and so on. But this was only a temporary stage of nebular progression. The ever-increasing rate of whirling was soon to throw enormous suns off into space on independent circuits.
57:3.5 (653.5) 这就是很久很久以前，发生在安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云中的一切。能量转轮不断增长，直到达至其最大扩展程度，然后，当收缩到来时，它会旋转得越来越快，直到最终达到临界的离心阶段，大的解体便会开始。		57:3.5 (653.5) And this is what happened in Andronover ages upon ages ago. The energy wheel grew and grew until it attained its maximum of expansion, and then, when contraction set in, it whirled on faster and faster until, eventually, the critical centrifugal stage was reached and the great breakup began.
57:3.6 (653.6) 500,000,000,000（五千亿）年前，第一颗安卓诺瓦(Andronover)恒星诞生了。这一炽烈的光带从母体引力的掌控中挣脱并扯出来而进入空间，在宇宙造物中开始了一段独立的冒险。它的轨道是由其逃逸路径所决定的。这些年轻的恒星很快会变为球状，并会作为空间类恒星而开始其漫长而多变的生涯。除了终端的星云核心以外，大多数奥温顿(Orvonton)恒星都有着类似的诞生过程。这些逃逸的恒星会经历多样的演化时期，以及随后的宇宙服役。		57:3.6 (653.6) 500,000,000,000 years ago the first Andronover sun was born. This blazing streak broke away from the mother gravity grasp and tore out into space on an independent adventure in the cosmos of creation. Its orbit was determined by its path of escape. Such young suns quickly become spherical and start out on their long and eventful careers as the stars of space. Excepting terminal nebular nucleuses, the vast majority of Orvonton suns have had an analogous birth. These escaping suns pass through varied periods of evolution and subsequent universe service.
57:3.7 (653.7) 400,000,000,000（四千亿）年前，安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云的重新俘获期开始了。作为母体核心逐渐增大和进一步凝聚的一个结果，许多附近的小恒星被重新俘获了。不久就有了星云凝聚之最后阶段的开启，该阶段总是先于这些巨大能质类空间聚合体的最后分裂。		57:3.7 (653.7) 400,000,000,000 years ago began the recaptive period of the Andronover nebula. Many of the near-by and smaller suns were recaptured as a result of the gradual enlargement and further condensation of the mother nucleus. Very soon there was inaugurated the terminal phase of nebular condensation, the period which always precedes the final segregation of these immense space aggregations of energy and matter.
57:3.8 (654.1) 这个时期之后的仅仅一百万年，内巴顿(Nebadon)的迈克尔，一位天堂的造物之子，便选择了这个正在分裂的星云作为其构建宇宙冒险的基地。随即，萨尔文顿(Salvington)的建造类世界和一百个星座总部行星群便得以开工建设。要完成这些专造世界集群，大约需要一百万年。各个地方系统的总部行星群，在从那时起至大约五十亿年前的一段时期内才得以构建起来。		57:3.8 (654.1) It was scarcely a million years subsequent to this epoch that Michael of Nebadon, a Creator Son of Paradise, selected this disintegrating nebula as the site of his adventure in universe building. Almost immediately the architectural worlds of Salvington and the one hundred constellation headquarters groups of planets were begun. It required almost one million years to complete these clusters of specially created worlds. The local system headquarters planets were constructed over a period extending from that time to about five billion years ago.
57:3.9 (654.2) 300,000,000,000（三千亿）年前，安卓诺瓦(Andronover)的恒星环路得以完善的建立起来，这个星云系统经历了一个具有相对物理性稳定的短暂时期。大约在这个时候，迈克尔的属员到达了萨尔文顿(Salvington)，而奥温顿(Orvonton)的尤沃萨(Uversa)管理机构则将物理识别扩展到了内巴顿(Nebadon)地方宇宙。		57:3.9 (654.2) 300,000,000,000 years ago the Andronover solar circuits were well established, and the nebular system was passing through a transient period of relative physical stability. About this time the staff of Michael arrived on Salvington, and the Uversa government of Orvonton extended physical recognition to the local universe of Nebadon.
57:3.10 (654.3) 200,000,000,000（二千亿）年前，伴随着中央星团（或者说核心体块）巨大热量的产生，见证到了安卓诺瓦(Andronover)收缩和凝聚的过程。甚至在接近中央母体恒星轮附近的区域，都出现了相对性空间。外层区域逐渐变得更加稳定有序；一些在新生恒星周围旋转的行星已经充分冷却，变得适宜生命移植。内巴顿(Nebadon)最为久远的居住性行星，即可追溯到这些年代。		57:3.10 (654.3) 200,000,000,000 years ago witnessed the progression of contraction and condensation with enormous heat generation in the Andronover central cluster, or nuclear mass. Relative space appeared even in the regions near the central mother-sun wheel. The outer regions were becoming more stabilized and better organized; some planets revolving around the newborn suns had cooled sufficiently to be suitable for life implantation. The oldest inhabited planets of Nebadon date from these times.
57:3.11 (654.4) 此时，完善的内巴顿(Nebadon)宇宙机制首次开始运作，迈克尔的造物作为一个具有居住及渐进性凡人扬升职能的宇宙，在尤沃萨(Uversa) 得以登记下来。		57:3.11 (654.4) Now the completed universe mechanism of Nebadon first begins to function, and Michael’s creation is registered on Uversa as a universe of inhabitation and progressive mortal ascension.
57:3.12 (654.5) 100,000,000,000（一千亿）年前，星云的凝聚张力达到了极点；热张力也达到了极点。这一引力与热力相较量的临界阶段，有时会延续相当长时间，然而热力迟早会在与引力的斗争中获胜，那时壮观的恒星弥散时期便会开始。这一切标志着空间星云第二阶段的结束。		57:3.12 (654.5) 100,000,000,000 years ago the nebular apex of condensation tension was reached; the point of maximum heat tension was attained. This critical stage of gravity-heat contention sometimes lasts for ages, but sooner or later, heat wins the struggle with gravity, and the spectacular period of sun dispersion begins. And this marks the end of the secondary career of a space nebula.
4. 第三和第四阶段 ^top		4. Tertiary and Quartan Stages ^top
57:4.1 (654.6) 第一阶段的星云是圆形的；第二阶段是螺旋形的；第三阶段即第一次恒星弥散时期，而第四阶段则包括了第二次和最后一次的恒星弥散周期，伴随着母体核心要么作为一个球状星团而告终，要么作为一个起到终端恒星系统之中心作用的孤立恒星而告终。		57:4.1 (654.6) The primary stage of a nebula is circular; the secondary, spiral; the tertiary stage is that of the first sun dispersion, while the quartan embraces the second and last cycle of sun dispersion, with the mother nucleus ending either as a globular cluster or as a solitary sun functioning as the center of a terminal solar system.
57:4.2 (654.7) 75,000,000,000（七百五十亿）年前，该星云达到了其恒星族阶段的巅峰。这是第一次恒星抛失时期的高潮。这些恒星大多数后来都会拥有自己的扩展性系统，这些系统由行星、卫星、暗岛、彗星、流星以及宇宙尘埃云组成。		57:4.2 (654.7) 75,000,000,000 years ago this nebula had attained the height of its sun-family stage. This was the apex of the first period of sun losses. The majority of these suns have since possessed themselves of extensive systems of planets, satellites, dark islands, comets, meteors, and cosmic dust clouds.
57:4.3 (654.8) 50,000,000,000（五百亿）年前，这第一个恒星弥散时期完成了；该星云正在很快结束其第三存在周期，在此周期中它造就了876,926个恒星系统。		57:4.3 (654.8) 50,000,000,000 years ago this first period of sun dispersion was completed; the nebula was fast finishing its tertiary cycle of existence, during which it gave origin to 876,926 sun systems.
57:4.4 (654.9) 25,000,000,000（二百五十亿）年前，见证到了星云生命第三周期的结束，源于这一母体星云的众多恒星系统变得有序并相对稳定下来。但物理收缩和加剧的生热过程，仍在星云残余的中央体块中持续着。		57:4.4 (654.9) 25,000,000,000 years ago witnessed the completion of the tertiary cycle of nebular life and brought about the organization and relative stabilization of the far-flung starry systems derived from this parent nebula. But the process of physical contraction and increased heat production continued in the central mass of the nebular remnant.
57:4.5 (655.1) 10,000,000,000（一百亿）年前，安卓诺瓦(Andronover) 的第四阶段开始了。星云核心体块的温度已达到其最高点；凝聚的临界点即将到来。原初母核在其自身内部热凝聚张力和周围大群脱离恒星系统的渐增潮汐引力牵拉的联合压迫下剧烈震动。将要启动第二轮恒星弥散周期的核心爆发迫在眉睫。星云存在的第四个周期就要开始了。		57:4.5 (655.1) 10,000,000,000 years ago the quartan cycle of Andronover began. The maximum of nuclear-mass temperature had been attained; the critical point of condensation was approaching. The original mother nucleus was convulsing under the combined pressure of its own internal-heat condensation tension and the increasing gravity-tidal pull of the surrounding swarm of liberated sun systems. The nuclear eruptions which were to inaugurate the second nebular sun cycle were imminent. The quartan cycle of nebular existence was about to begin.
57:4.6 (655.2) 8,000,000,000（八十亿）年前，剧烈的最后爆发开始了。在这样一个宇宙剧变的时期，只有外部的恒星系统安然无恙。这也是星云终结阶段的开端。这次最终的恒星喷吐几近持续了二十亿年的时期。		57:4.6 (655.2) 8,000,000,000 years ago the terrific terminal eruption began. Only the outer systems are safe at the time of such a cosmic upheaval. And this was the beginning of the end of the nebula. This final sun disgorgement extended over a period of almost two billion years.
57:4.7 (655.3) 7,000,000,000（七十亿）年前，见证到了安卓诺瓦(Andronover)最终爆发之高潮。这是较大晚期恒星诞生的时期，也是局部物理骚动的高潮时期。		57:4.7 (655.3) 7,000,000,000 years ago witnessed the height of the Andronover terminal breakup. This was the period of the birth of the larger terminal suns and the apex of the local physical disturbances.
57:4.8 (655.4) 6,000,000,000（六十亿）年前，标志着最后爆发的结束和你们太阳的诞生，亦即安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云第二恒星族中倒数第五十六个成员。这次星云核心的最后爆发共产生了136,702颗恒星，它们大多数都是孤立的天体。起源于安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云的恒星和恒星系统总数为1,013,628个，其中恒星系统类恒星的数量为1,013,572个。		57:4.8 (655.4) 6,000,000,000 years ago marks the end of the terminal breakup and the birth of your sun, the fifty-sixth from the last of the Andronover second solar family. This final eruption of the nebular nucleus gave birth to 136,702 suns, most of them solitary orbs. The total number of suns and sun systems having origin in the Andronover nebula was 1,013,628. The number of the solar system sun is 1,013,572.
57:4.9 (655.5) 而此时，伟大的安卓诺瓦(Andronover)星云不再是星云了，但它仍以众多源自这一母体星云的恒星及其行星家族的方式继续存在着。这一壮丽星云的最终核心残余仍然燃烧着，发出淡红色的光，并继续为其遗留的一百六十五个行星大家庭散发着温和的光与热，这些行星世界此时都围绕着这个拥有两代强大光主的可敬母亲旋转着。		57:4.9 (655.5) And now the great Andronover nebula is no more, but it lives on in the many suns and their planetary families which originated in this mother cloud of space. The final nuclear remnant of this magnificent nebula still burns with a reddish glow and continues to give forth moderate light and heat to its remnant planetary family of one hundred and sixty-five worlds, which now revolve about this venerable mother of two mighty generations of the monarchs of light.
5. 蒙马希亚(Monmatia) -- 玉苒厦(Urantia)所在太阳系的起源 ^top		5. Origin of Monmatia—The Urantia Solar System ^top
57:5.1 (655.6) 5,000,000,000（五十亿）年前，你们的太阳是一个相对孤立的炽热球体，并将附近大多数流通的空间物质汇聚到了它自己身上，这些物质即为伴随其诞生而发生的最近一次剧变的残留物。		57:5.1 (655.6) 5,000,000,000 years ago your sun was a comparatively isolated blazing orb, having gathered to itself most of the near-by circulating matter of space, remnants of the recent upheaval which attended its own birth.
57:5.2 (655.7) 今天，你们的太阳已经达到了相对稳定。但其十一年半的太阳黑子周期显示，在其青年时期，它曾是一颗多变的恒星。在你们太阳的早期时代，持续的收缩及随之而来的温度渐升，在其表面引发了剧烈的震动。这些巨大的起伏，需要三天半的时间以完成一个亮度变化周期。这种变化的状态，这种周期性的脉动，使得你们太阳对某些突然遭遇的外部影响极为敏感。		57:5.2 (655.7) Today, your sun has achieved relative stability, but its eleven and one-half year sunspot cycles betray that it was a variable star in its youth. In the early days of your sun the continued contraction and consequent gradual increase of temperature initiated tremendous convulsions on its surface. These titanic heaves required three and one-half days to complete a cycle of varying brightness. This variable state, this periodic pulsation, rendered your sun highly responsive to certain outside influences which were to be shortly encountered.
57:5.3 (655.8) 这便是为蒙马希亚(Monmatia)的独特起源所设定的当地空间舞台。蒙马希亚是你们太阳的行星家族、亦即你们世界所属太阳系的名称。奥温顿(Orvonton)的行星系统中有不到百分之一，与之拥有相似的起源。		57:5.3 (655.8) Thus was the stage of local space set for the unique origin of Monmatia, that being the name of your sun’s planetary family, the solar system to which your world belongs. Less than one per cent of the planetary systems of Orvonton have had a similar origin.
57:5.4 (655.9) 4,500,000,000（四十五亿）年前，巨大的安格纳(Angona)系统开始接近这颗孤立恒星的邻近区域。这个大系统的中心是一个空间类暗巨星，坚固而极富能荷，并且具有巨大的引力牵拉。		57:5.4 (655.9) 4,500,000,000 years ago the enormous Angona system began its approach to the neighborhood of this solitary sun. The center of this great system was a dark giant of space, solid, highly charged, and possessing tremendous gravity pull.
57:5.5 (656.1) 随着安格纳(Angona)愈益接近太阳，在太阳脉动期间的最大扩张时刻，气态物质流就像巨大的太阳舌头一样被喷射到空间中。起先，这些燃烧的气舌总是会返回到太阳当中，但随着安格纳越来越近，这个庞大来访者的引力牵拉也变得愈来愈大，以至于这些气舌会在某些点被断开，根部退回到太阳当中，而外面的部分则被分离出去而形成独立的物质实体、即太阳陨石，它们会立即开始在其各自的椭圆形轨道上围绕太阳旋转。		57:5.5 (656.1) As Angona more closely approached the sun, at moments of maximum expansion during solar pulsations, streams of gaseous material were shot out into space as gigantic solar tongues. At first these flaming gas tongues would invariably fall back into the sun, but as Angona drew nearer and nearer, the gravity pull of the gigantic visitor became so great that these tongues of gas would break off at certain points, the roots falling back into the sun while the outer sections would become detached to form independent bodies of matter, solar meteorites, which immediately started to revolve about the sun in elliptical orbits of their own.
57:5.6 (656.2) 随着安格纳(Angona)系统更为接近，太阳的喷射物也变得越来越大；越来越多的物质被拉出太阳，而成为周围空间中做独立流通的实体。这种情况大约发展了五十万年，一直到安格纳到达最为接近太阳的地方；此时，太阳在其一次周期性内部震动的协同作用下，经历了一次局部性的分裂；大量物质同时从相反的两侧被喷吐出来。自朝向安格纳的一侧，有一大股太阳气柱被拉了出来，两端略尖、中间明显隆起，它永久地脱离了太阳的直接引力掌控。		57:5.6 (656.2) As the Angona system drew nearer, the solar extrusions grew larger and larger; more and more matter was drawn from the sun to become independent circulating bodies in surrounding space. This situation developed for about five hundred thousand years until Angona made its closest approach to the sun; whereupon the sun, in conjunction with one of its periodic internal convulsions, experienced a partial disruption; from opposite sides and simultaneously, enormous volumes of matter were disgorged. From the Angona side there was drawn out a vast column of solar gases, rather pointed at both ends and markedly bulging at the center, which became permanently detached from the immediate gravity control of the sun.
57:5.7 (656.3) 这股由此从太阳分离出来的巨大太阳气柱，随后演化成太阳系的十二颗行星。而从太阳相反一侧喷出的反冲性喷射物，与这一庞大太阳系祖先的喷射物形成潮汐共振，自那以后便收缩成了流星及太阳系的空间尘埃，尽管随着安格纳(Angona)系统退回到遥远的空间中，很多尘埃物质又随后被太阳引力所再次俘获。		57:5.7 (656.3) This great column of solar gases which was thus separated from the sun subsequently evolved into the twelve planets of the solar system. The repercussional ejection of gas from the opposite side of the sun in tidal sympathy with the extrusion of this gigantic solar system ancestor, has since condensed into the meteors and space dust of the solar system, although much, very much, of this matter was subsequently recaptured by solar gravity as the Angona system receded into remote space.
57:5.8 (656.4) 虽然安格纳(Angona)成功拉出了太阳系行星先祖类物质，以及此时作为小行星和流星而围绕太阳旋转的大量物质，但它本身却没有获得任何一类这样的太阳物质。这个来访的星系虽然没有足够接近到攫取太阳的任何物质，但它确实旋转到了足够近的程度，从而将所有构成当今太阳系的物质拉入到了中间空间中。		57:5.8 (656.4) Although Angona succeeded in drawing away the ancestral material of the solar system planets and the enormous volume of matter now circulating about the sun as asteroids and meteors, it did not secure for itself any of this solar matter. The visiting system did not come quite close enough to actually steal any of the sun’s substance, but it did swing sufficiently close to draw off into the intervening space all of the material comprising the present-day solar system.
57:5.9 (656.5) 五个内层行星和五个外层行星，不久便从安格纳(Angona)自太阳中成功分离出的巨大引力凸出物不太厚重的尖细两端冷却收缩的核心中小规模的形成了，而土星和木星则是从更为厚重的中间凸出部分而形成的。土星和木星的强大引力牵拉最先俘获了多量窃自安格纳的物质，因为它们的某些卫星的逆行运动便是见证。		57:5.9 (656.5) The five inner and five outer planets soon formed in miniature from the cooling and condensing nucleuses in the less massive and tapering ends of the gigantic gravity bulge which Angona had succeeded in detaching from the sun, while Saturn and Jupiter were formed from the more massive and bulging central portions. The powerful gravity pull of Jupiter and Saturn early captured most of the material stolen from Angona as the retrograde motion of certain of their satellites bears witness.
57:5.10 (656.6) 源自于巨型超热太阳气柱之正中心的木星和土星，包含了如此多高热的太阳物质，以致它们闪耀出灿烂的光芒，并散发出巨大的热量；在其作为分开的空间体成形之后，它们事实上在一小段时期内是次级太阳。这两颗最大的太阳系行星至今仍在极大程度上保持为气态，甚至还没有冷却到完全凝聚或者固化的程度。		57:5.10 (656.6) Jupiter and Saturn, being derived from the very center of the enormous column of superheated solar gases, contained so much highly heated sun material that they shone with a brilliant light and emitted enormous volumes of heat; they were in reality secondary suns for a short period after their formation as separate space bodies. These two largest of the solar system planets have remained largely gaseous to this day, not even yet having cooled off to the point of complete condensation or solidification.
57:5.11 (656.7) 其他十颗行星的气体压缩核心，很快便达到了固化阶段，并由此开始将其邻近空间中流通的流星类物质越来越多地拉向自身。太阳系的各个世界由此拥有了一种双重性来源：气凝类核心和随后通过俘获大量流星而增加的质量。的确它们仍在继续俘获流星，但数量已大大减少。		57:5.11 (656.7) The gas-contraction nucleuses of the other ten planets soon reached the stage of solidification and so began to draw to themselves increasing quantities of the meteoric matter circulating in near-by space. The worlds of the solar system thus had a double origin: nucleuses of gas condensation later on augmented by the capture of enormous quantities of meteors. Indeed they still continue to capture meteors, but in greatly lessened numbers.
57:5.12 (657.1) 各个行星并未在其太阳母体的赤道平面上围绕太阳旋转，如果它们是被太阳旋转而抛出的，它们本应那么旋转。相反，它们是在安格纳(Angona)拉出的太阳喷射物所在的平面上环行，此平面与太阳赤道平面存在着一个相当大的偏角。		57:5.12 (657.1) The planets do not swing around the sun in the equatorial plane of their solar mother, which they would do if they had been thrown off by solar revolution. Rather, they travel in the plane of the Angona solar extrusion, which existed at a considerable angle to the plane of the sun’s equator.
57:5.13 (657.2) 尽管安格纳(Angona)无法俘获任何太阳物质，但你们太阳却的确将这个造访系统的一些环行空间物质，添加到其正在成形的行星家族中。由于安格纳的强大引力场，其附属行星家族都沿着一些距离该暗巨星相当远的轨道运行；在太阳系先祖团块喷射后不久，尽管安格纳还处在太阳附近，但安格纳系统的三个较大行星如此靠近于庞大的太阳系先祖而绕行，以致其引力牵拉，再加上太阳的引力牵拉，足以克服了安格纳的引力掌控，从而将这个空间漫游者的这三个附属物永久地分离了出来。		57:5.13 (657.2) While Angona was unable to capture any of the solar mass, your sun did add to its metamorphosing planetary family some of the circulating space material of the visiting system. Due to the intense gravity field of Angona, its tributary planetary family pursued orbits of considerable distance from the dark giant; and shortly after the extrusion of the solar system ancestral mass and while Angona was yet in the vicinity of the sun, three of the major planets of the Angona system swung so near to the massive solar system ancestor that its gravitational pull, augmented by that of the sun, was sufficient to overbalance the gravity grasp of Angona and to permanently detach these three tributaries of the celestial wanderer.
57:5.14 (657.3) 本来，源自于太阳的一切太阳系物质，都会被赋以一种同向的轨道旋转方向，若非由于这三个外来空间体的闯入，所有太阳系物质都仍将保持着同样的轨道运行方向。结果却是，三个安格纳(Angona)附属物的影响将新的外来导向力注入到了正在形成的太阳系中，导致了逆行运动的出现。任何天文系统中的逆行运动总是偶然性的，而且总是作为外来空间体的冲突影响结果而出现。这种冲突并不总会产生逆行运动，但除了在一个含有不同来源物质的系统中以外，否则便不会有任何逆行出现。		57:5.14 (657.3) All of the solar system material derived from the sun was originally endowed with a homogeneous direction of orbital swing, and had it not been for the intrusion of these three foreign space bodies, all solar system material would still maintain the same direction of orbital movement. As it was, the impact of the three Angona tributaries injected new and foreign directional forces into the emerging solar system with the resultant appearance of retrograde motion. Retrograde motion in any astronomic system is always accidental and always appears as a result of the collisional impact of foreign space bodies. Such collisions may not always produce retrograde motion, but no retrograde ever appears except in a system containing masses which have diverse origins.
6. 太阳系阶段 -- 行星形成时期 ^top		6. The Solar System Stage—The Planet-Forming Era ^top
57:6.1 (657.4) 继太阳系诞生之后，随之便出现了一个太阳喷发逐渐减弱的时期。在喷发渐趋减弱的另一个五十万年当中，太阳继续将逐渐减少的物质喷吐到周围的空间中。但在这些有着不稳定轨道的早期时代，当周围天体离太阳最近时，太阳母亲便能重新俘获这种流星类物质的一大部分。		57:6.1 (657.4) Subsequent to the birth of the solar system a period of diminishing solar disgorgement ensued. Decreasingly, for another five hundred thousand years, the sun continued to pour forth diminishing volumes of matter into surrounding space. But during these early times of erratic orbits, when the surrounding bodies made their nearest approach to the sun, the solar parent was able to recapture a large portion of this meteoric material.
57:6.2 (657.5) 离太阳最近的行星，最先会因潮汐摩擦而使其旋转减缓下来。这样的引力影响也导致了行星轨道的稳定，同时也起到了对行星轴向旋转速度的制动作用，使得行星不断转慢，直至轴向旋转停止，令行星的一个半球始终面向太阳或是较大天体，正如水星和月球所表现的那样，它们始终以同一面朝向玉苒厦(Urantia)。		57:6.2 (657.5) The planets nearest the sun were the first to have their revolutions slowed down by tidal friction. Such gravitational influences also contribute to the stabilization of planetary orbits while acting as a brake on the rate of planetary-axial revolution, causing a planet to revolve ever slower until axial revolution ceases, leaving one hemisphere of the planet always turned toward the sun or larger body, as is illustrated by the planet Mercury and by the moon, which always turns the same face toward Urantia.
57:6.3 (657.6) 当月球与地球的潮汐摩擦变得均衡时，地球将始终以同一半球面向月球，而且一天和一个月将是类似的 -- 在长度上约为四十七天。当达到这样的轨道稳定时，潮汐摩擦就会起到相反作用，不再驱使月远离地球，而是逐渐将这颗卫星拉向地球。之后，在遥远的将来，当月球接近至地球大约一万七千七百公里的范围以内时，后者的引力作用将会导致月球瓦解，这一潮汐引力爆发将会把月球粉碎成细小颗粒，这些颗粒或许会像土星的光环那样，作为环形物质围聚在地球周围，或是作为流星而逐渐被吸进地球。		57:6.3 (657.6) When the tidal frictions of the moon and the earth become equalized, the earth will always turn the same hemisphere toward the moon, and the day and month will be analogous—in length about forty-seven days. When such stability of orbits is attained, tidal frictions will go into reverse action, no longer driving the moon farther away from the earth but gradually drawing the satellite toward the planet. And then, in that far-distant future when the moon approaches to within about eleven thousand miles of the earth, the gravity action of the latter will cause the moon to disrupt, and this tidal-gravity explosion will shatter the moon into small particles, which may assemble about the world as rings of matter resembling those of Saturn or may be gradually drawn into the earth as meteors.
57:6.4 (658.1) 如果空间体在大小和密度方面十分相似，就有可能发生碰撞。但如果两个相似密度的空间体在大小上相对不均等，那么，如果较小的天体逐渐接近较大的天体，当较小天体的轨道半径变得小于较大天体半径的两倍半时，就可能发生较小天体的瓦解。空间巨星之间的碰撞的确十分罕见，但较小天体的这些潮汐引力爆发却是十分常见的。		57:6.4 (658.1) If space bodies are similar in size and density, collisions may occur. But if two space bodies of similar density are relatively unequal in size, then, if the smaller progressively approaches the larger, the disruption of the smaller body will occur when the radius of its orbit becomes less than two and one-half times the radius of the larger body. Collisions among the giants of space are rare indeed, but these gravity-tidal explosions of lesser bodies are quite common.
57:6.5 (658.2) 流星雨成群地发生，就是因为它们是较大物质体受到附近更大空间体的潮汐引力而瓦解所产生的碎片。土星的光环就是一颗瓦解卫星的碎片。木星的一颗卫星此时正在危险地接近潮汐瓦解的临界区，在几百万年以内，它要么会被木星所俘获，要么将会经历潮汐引力下的瓦解。很久很久以前的太阳系第五号行星穿过了一个不规则的轨道，周期性地越来越接近木星，直到它进入了潮汐引力瓦解的临界区，被快速地碎片化了，并变成了现今的小行星群。		57:6.5 (658.2) Shooting stars occur in swarms because they are the fragments of larger bodies of matter which have been disrupted by tidal gravity exerted by near-by and still larger space bodies. Saturn’s rings are the fragments of a disrupted satellite. One of the moons of Jupiter is now approaching dangerously near the critical zone of tidal disruption and, within a few million years, will either be claimed by the planet or will undergo gravity-tidal disruption. The fifth planet of the solar system of long, long ago traversed an irregular orbit, periodically making closer and closer approach to Jupiter until it entered the critical zone of gravity-tidal disruption, was swiftly fragmentized, and became the present-day cluster of asteroids.
57:6.6 (658.3) 4,000,000,000（四十亿）年前，见证到了木星系统和土星系统的组织形成，很多情况就像今天所观察到的一样，只除开它们的卫星以外，这些卫星持续地增大了几十亿年。事实上，太阳系的所有行星与卫星都因持续俘获流星而还在不断增大。		57:6.6 (658.3) 4,000,000,000 years ago witnessed the organization of the Jupiter and Saturn systems much as observed today except for their moons, which continued to increase in size for several billions of years. In fact, all of the planets and satellites of the solar system are still growing as the result of continued meteoric captures.
57:6.7 (658.4) 3,500,000,000（三十五亿）年前，其他十颗行星的凝聚核心得以充分形成，而大多数卫星的核心都无所变化，尽管有些较小的卫星后来结合起来而形成了现今较大的卫星。这一时代可被视为是行星聚合的时期。		57:6.7 (658.4) 3,500,000,000 years ago the condensation nucleuses of the other ten planets were well formed, and the cores of most of the moons were intact, though some of the smaller satellites later united to make the present-day larger moons. This age may be regarded as the era of planetary assembly.
57:6.8 (658.5) 3,000,000,000（三十亿）年前，太阳系就像今日这样不断地运行着。其成员的体积继续变大，因为空间流星持续以惊人的速度大量涌入到行星及其卫星上。		57:6.8 (658.5) 3,000,000,000 years ago the solar system was functioning much as it does today. Its members continued to grow in size as space meteors continued to pour in upon the planets and their satellites at a prodigious rate.
57:6.9 (658.6) 大约此时，你们的太阳系被放到了内巴顿(Nebadon) 的物理登记册上，并被命名为蒙马希亚(Monmatia)。		57:6.9 (658.6) About this time your solar system was placed on the physical registry of Nebadon and given its name, Monmatia.
57:6.10 (658.7) 2,500,000,000（二十五亿）年前，各个行星的体积已十分巨大。玉苒厦(Urantia)已拥有其当今质量的十分之一，而成为一个发展完善的行星，并仍然通过流星添加物而迅速增大着。		57:6.10 (658.7) 2,500,000,000 years ago the planets had grown immensely in size. Urantia was a well-developed sphere about one tenth its present mass and was still growing rapidly by meteoric accretion.
57:6.11 (658.8) 所有这一切大规模的活动，都是形成玉苒厦(Urantia)这类进化世界的一个正常组成部分，并为这类准备好时间性生命冒险的空间世界启动物理演化而设定舞台，构建了天文性初步条件。		57:6.11 (658.8) All of this tremendous activity is a normal part of the making of an evolutionary world on the order of Urantia and constitutes the astronomic preliminaries to the setting of the stage for the beginning of the physical evolution of such worlds of space in preparation for the life adventures of time.
7. 流星时代 火山时代 原始行星大气 ^top		7. The Meteoric Era—The Volcanic Age The Primitive Planetary Atmosphere ^top
57:7.1 (658.9) 在这些早期时代期间，太阳系的空间区域充满了细小的分解体和凝聚体，由于缺乏一层保护性氧化大气，这些空间体直接坠毁在玉苒厦(Urantia)的表面。这些不断的冲击令行星表面保持了或多或少的热度，这一切伴随着星球增大而渐趋增强的引力作用，开始共同形成一些影响力，逐渐使得诸如铁这些较重元素越来越向行星中心沉降。		57:7.1 (658.9) Throughout these early times the space regions of the solar system were swarming with small disruptive and condensation bodies, and in the absence of a protective combustion atmosphere such space bodies crashed directly on the surface of Urantia. These incessant impacts kept the surface of the planet more or less heated, and this, together with the increased action of gravity as the sphere grew larger, began to set in operation those influences which gradually caused the heavier elements, such as iron, to settle more and more toward the center of the planet.
57:7.2 (659.1) 2,000,000,000（二十亿）年前，地球开始绝对性地超出了月球。虽然地球一直就比月球大，但直到此时，当地球俘获了大量空间体时，它们的体积才相差悬殊起来。那时的玉苒厦(Urantia)体积大约是其现在的五分之一，且已大到足以去抓住原始大气，该大气作为其炽热内核与冷凝地壳间内在元素争夺之结果而开始出现。		57:7.2 (659.1) 2,000,000,000 years ago the earth began decidedly to gain on the moon. Always had the planet been larger than its satellite, but there was not so much difference in size until about this time, when enormous space bodies were captured by the earth. Urantia was then about one fifth its present size and had become large enough to hold the primitive atmosphere which had begun to appear as a result of the internal elemental contest between the heated interior and the cooling crust.
57:7.3 (659.2) 确定的火山作用始自于这些时期。由流星从空间中带来的、被埋藏得越来越深的放射性元素或是较重元素，使地球内部的热量持续增加。对这些放射性元素的研究将会表明，玉苒厦(Urantia)表层已经有十亿多岁了。镭时钟是你们用来对行星年龄做出科学估算最为可靠的计时器了，但所有这样的估算都太短促，因为供你们细查的放射性材料都是源自于地球表层，因此只代表了玉苒厦对这些元素相对近期的获得时间。		57:7.3 (659.2) Definite volcanic action dates from these times. The internal heat of the earth continued to be augmented by the deeper and deeper burial of the radioactive or heavier elements brought in from space by the meteors. The study of these radioactive elements will reveal that Urantia is more than one billion years old on its surface. The radium clock is your most reliable timepiece for making scientific estimates of the age of the planet, but all such estimates are too short because the radioactive materials open to your scrutiny are all derived from the earth’s surface and hence represent Urantia’s comparatively recent acquirements of these elements.
57:7.4 (659.3) 1,500,000,000（十五亿）年前，地球大小是其现在的三分之二，而月球则正在接近其现在的大小。地球的体积迅速超过月球，使它开始缓慢夺取月球原曾拥有的少量大气。		57:7.4 (659.3) 1,500,000,000 years ago the earth was two thirds its present size, while the moon was nearing its present mass. Earth’s rapid gain over the moon in size enabled it to begin the slow robbery of the little atmosphere which its satellite originally had.
57:7.5 (659.4) 这时，火山作用处于最盛时期。整个地球成为了一个名副其实的炼狱，地表变得与较重金属被吸向中心之前的较早期熔化状态相似。这便是火山时代。尽管如此，一个主要由相对较轻的花岗岩构成的地壳，正在逐渐形成着。该阶段是为了一个有朝一日能支持生命的行星而特设的。		57:7.5 (659.4) Volcanic action is now at its height. The whole earth is a veritable fiery inferno, the surface resembling its earlier molten state before the heavier metals gravitated toward the center. This is the volcanic age. Nevertheless, a crust, consisting chiefly of the comparatively lighter granite, is gradually forming. The stage is being set for a planet which can someday support life.
57:7.6 (659.5) 原始的行星大气在缓慢进化着，此时包含了一些水蒸气、一氧化碳、二氧化碳和氯化氢，但很少有或是说没有任何游离氮和游离氧。火山时代的地球大气呈现出一种怪异的景象。除了上面列举的气体，它还被大量充以火山气体，随着大气层的完善，还被大量充以不断飞撞到地球表面的强流星雨所形成的燃烧产物。这样的流星燃烧使大气中的氧气近乎枯竭，而流星轰击的速度仍是极为惊人的。		57:7.6 (659.5) The primitive planetary atmosphere is slowly evolving, now containing some water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen chloride, but there is little or no free nitrogen or free oxygen. The atmosphere of a world in the volcanic age presents a queer spectacle. In addition to the gases enumerated it is heavily charged with numerous volcanic gases and, as the air belt matures, with the combustion products of the heavy meteoric showers which are constantly hurtling in upon the planetary surface. Such meteoric combustion keeps the atmospheric oxygen very nearly exhausted, and the rate of meteoric bombardment is still tremendous.
57:7.7 (659.6) 不久，大气变得更加稳定，并冷却到足以能够开始令雨降到地球热岩石表面上了。千万年间，玉苒厦(Urantia)都被包裹在一个巨大的连绵不断的水蒸气覆盖层之中。在这些时代，阳光从未照射到地球表面。		57:7.7 (659.6) Presently, the atmosphere became more settled and cooled sufficiently to start precipitation of rain on the hot rocky surface of the planet. For thousands of years Urantia was enveloped in one vast and continuous blanket of steam. And during these ages the sun never shone upon the earth’s surface.
57:7.8 (659.7) 大气中的许多碳被吸收，而形成了地球表层中各种含量丰富的金属碳酸盐。后来，更为大量的这些含碳气体被早期大量繁殖的植物生命所消耗掉了。		57:7.8 (659.7) Much of the carbon of the atmosphere was abstracted to form the carbonates of the various metals which abounded in the superficial layers of the planet. Later on, much greater quantities of these carbon gases were consumed by the early and prolific plant life.
57:7.9 (660.1) 即便在之后的各个时期内，持续不断的熔岩流与不断到来的流星，使空气中的氧几乎彻底被耗尽了。即便不久之后出现的原始海洋的早期沉积物，也不含有任何有色岩石或页岩。在这一海洋出现之后的很长一段时间里，大气中几乎没有任何游离氧；直到海藻及其他形式的植物生命产生氧气时，它才大量出现了。		57:7.9 (660.1) Even in the later periods the continuing lava flows and the incoming meteors kept the oxygen of the air almost completely used up. Even the early deposits of the soon appearing primitive ocean contain no colored stones or shales. And for a long time after this ocean appeared, there was virtually no free oxygen in the atmosphere; and it did not appear in significant quantities until it was later generated by the seaweeds and other forms of vegetable life.
57:7.10 (660.2) 火山时代的原始地球大气，对于抵制流星群的撞击影响提供的防护极少。千百万颗流星能够以固体形态穿越这种大气层，而与行星地壳相撞。但随着时光流逝，越来越少的流星会大到足以抵抗后期富氧大气层日益增强的摩擦防护罩了。		57:7.10 (660.2) The primitive planetary atmosphere of the volcanic age affords little protection against the collisional impacts of the meteoric swarms. Millions upon millions of meteors are able to penetrate such an air belt to smash against the planetary crust as solid bodies. But as time passes, fewer and fewer prove large enough to resist the ever-stronger friction shield of the oxygen-enriching atmosphere of the later eras.
8. 地壳的稳定化 地震时代 世界性海洋与最初的大陆 ^top		8. Crustal Stabilization The Age of Earthquakes The World Ocean and the First Continent ^top
57:8.1 (660.3) 1,000,000,000（十亿）年前，是玉苒厦(Urantia)历史真正开始的时期。地球已经大致获得了其现在的大小。大约此时，它被放到了内巴顿(Nebadon)的物理登记册上，并被命名为玉苒厦。		57:8.1 (660.3) 1,000,000,000 years ago is the date of the actual beginning of Urantia history. The planet had attained approximately its present size. And about this time it was placed upon the physical registries of Nebadon and given its name, Urantia.
57:8.2 (660.4) 大气连同不断的湿气降水一起，促进了地壳的冷却。火山作用在早期平衡了内热压力与地壳收缩，随着火山急剧减少，随着这一地壳冷却和调整时期的发展，地震出现了。		57:8.2 (660.4) The atmosphere, together with incessant moisture precipitation, facilitated the cooling of the earth’s crust. Volcanic action early equalized internal-heat pressure and crustal contraction; and as volcanoes rapidly decreased, earthquakes made their appearance as this epoch of crustal cooling and adjustment progressed.
57:8.3 (660.5) 玉苒厦(Urantia)真正的地质史，始于足以引起最早海洋形成的地壳冷却。水蒸气在逐渐冷却地表上的凝结一旦开始，就会持续下去，直到其真正完成。到这一时期结束时，海洋是遍及全世界的，以超过一英里（即1.5公里）的平均深度覆盖着整个星球。潮汐在那时所起的作用就如同现在它们所被观察到的一样，但这一原始海洋不是咸的；覆盖全球的实际上是一片淡水。在那些日子里，大部分氯与各种金属结合在一起，但仍有足够的氯与氢相结合，使海水呈弱酸性。		57:8.3 (660.5) The real geologic history of Urantia begins with the cooling of the earth’s crust sufficiently to cause the formation of the first ocean. Water-vapor condensation on the cooling surface of the earth, once begun, continued until it was virtually complete. By the end of this period the ocean was world-wide, covering the entire planet to an average depth of over one mile. The tides were then in play much as they are now observed, but this primitive ocean was not salty; it was practically a fresh-water covering for the world. In those days, most of the chlorine was combined with various metals, but there was enough, in union with hydrogen, to render this water faintly acid.
57:8.4 (660.6) 在这一遥远时代的初期，玉苒厦(Urantia)应当被视为一颗被水包围的行星。后来，更深层因而也是更稠密的熔岩流从今天的太平洋底部喷出，于是这部分由水覆盖的地表变得相当的凹陷。最初的陆地板块从世界海洋中浮现出来，以对逐步变厚的地壳之平衡做出补偿性调整。		57:8.4 (660.6) At the opening of this faraway era, Urantia should be envisaged as a water-bound planet. Later on, deeper and hence denser lava flows came out upon the bottom of the present Pacific Ocean, and this part of the water-covered surface became considerably depressed. The first continental land mass emerged from the world ocean in compensatory adjustment of the equilibrium of the gradually thickening earth’s crust.
57:8.5 (660.7) 950,000,000（九亿五千万）年前，玉苒厦(Urantia)呈现出一幅一块大陆与一大片海洋、即太平洋并存的画面。火山仍然遍布各地，地震既频繁又剧烈。流星持续撞击地球，但它们在频率与体积方面都在递减。大气逐渐澄清下来，但二氧化碳的含量仍然很高。地壳正在逐渐稳定下来。		57:8.5 (660.7) 950,000,000 years ago Urantia presents the picture of one great continent of land and one large body of water, the Pacific Ocean. Volcanoes are still widespread and earthquakes are both frequent and severe. Meteors continue to bombard the earth, but they are diminishing in both frequency and size. The atmosphere is clearing up, but the amount of carbon dioxide continues large. The earth’s crust is gradually stabilizing.
57:8.6 (660.8) 大约在这个时候，玉苒厦(Urantia)被分配到撒旦尼亚(Satania)系统以利行星管理，并被放到诺拉歇德(Norlatiadek)星座的生命登记册上。此后便开始了对这个渺小而微不足道天体的行政识别，它注定要成为迈克尔后来从事伟大凡人赠与事业之行星，他所要参与的那些经历，自那以后使玉苒厦以“十字架的世界”而远近闻名。		57:8.6 (660.8) It was at about this time that Urantia was assigned to the system of Satania for planetary administration and was placed on the life registry of Norlatiadek. Then began the administrative recognition of the small and insignificant sphere which was destined to be the planet whereon Michael would subsequently engage in the stupendous undertaking of mortal bestowal, would participate in those experiences which have since caused Urantia to become locally known as the “world of the cross.”
57:8.7 (661.1) 900,000,000（九亿）年前，见证到了第一个撒旦尼亚(Satania)考察团到达玉苒厦(Urantia)，他们从耶路瑟姆(Jerusem)被派出来考查这颗行星，并来对其做生命实验站的适宜性做出一份汇报。这个考察团由二十四个成员组成，包括生命载运者们、拉那南德(Lanonandek)圣子们、麦基洗德们、炽天使们及其他与早期行星组织和管理相关的天界生命类别。		57:8.7 (661.1) 900,000,000 years ago witnessed the arrival on Urantia of the first Satania scouting party sent out from Jerusem to examine the planet and make a report on its adaptation for a life-experiment station. This commission consisted of twenty-four members, embracing Life Carriers, Lanonandek Sons, Melchizedeks, seraphim, and other orders of celestial life having to do with the early days of planetary organization and administration.
57:8.8 (661.2) 在对行星作了一番辛勤的考察之后，该团队返回到耶路瑟姆(Jerusem)，并满意地向系统君主汇报，建议将玉苒厦(Urantia)放到生命实验类登记册上，于是你们世界作为一个十进制的行星而在耶路瑟姆予以登记，生命载运者们也被通知到，在他们随后带着生命移植与植入命令抵达时，他们将获准去创立具有机械性、化学性及电性动员的新型模式。		57:8.8 (661.2) After making a painstaking survey of the planet, this commission returned to Jerusem and reported favorably to the System Sovereign, recommending that Urantia be placed on the life-experiment registry. Your world was accordingly registered on Jerusem as a decimal planet, and the Life Carriers were notified that they would be granted permission to institute new patterns of mechanical, chemical, and electrical mobilization at the time of their subsequent arrival with life transplantation and implantation mandates.
57:8.9 (661.3) 对行星占用的安排由耶路瑟姆(Jerusem)的十二员混合委员会所适时完成，并由伊甸厦(Edentia)的七十员行星理事会所批准。这些由生命载运者的咨询顾问们所提出的计划，最后在萨尔文顿(Salvington)予以采纳。之后不久，内巴顿(Nebadon)广播发布了这一公告，即玉苒厦(Urantia)将会成为生命载运者们进行其第六十个撒旦尼亚(Satania)实验的舞台，该实验旨在增强和改进内巴顿生命模式中的撒旦尼亚类型。		57:8.9 (661.3) In due course arrangements for the planetary occupation were completed by the mixed commission of twelve on Jerusem and approved by the planetary commission of seventy on Edentia. These plans, proposed by the advisory counselors of the Life Carriers, were finally accepted on Salvington. Soon thereafter the Nebadon broadcasts carried the announcement that Urantia would become the stage whereon the Life Carriers would execute their sixtieth Satania experiment designed to amplify and improve the Satania type of the Nebadon life patterns.
57:8.10 (661.4) 在玉苒厦(Urantia)通过宇宙广播首次被整个内巴顿(Nebadon)认识之后不久，它便被授予了全面的宇宙地位。其后不久，它便被登记到超级宇宙较小分区及较大分区总部星球的记录当中；在这个时代结束之前，玉苒厦已在尤沃萨(Uversa)的行星生命登记册上存有登记。		57:8.10 (661.4) Shortly after Urantia was first recognized on the universe broadcasts to all Nebadon, it was accorded full universe status. Soon thereafter it was registered in the records of the minor and the major sector headquarters planets of the superuniverse; and before this age was over, Urantia had found entry on the planetary-life registry of Uversa.
57:8.11 (661.5) 这整个时期是以频繁而猛烈的暴风雨为特征的。地球早期的地壳处于一种持续变化的状态中。地表的冷却与巨大的熔岩流交替出现。在地球的表面再也没有任何地方能够发现这一原来行星地壳的任何东西。它已被深层来源的喷发熔岩混合了太多次，并被混以早期全世界性海洋的后来沉积物。		57:8.11 (661.5) This entire age was characterized by frequent and violent storms. The early crust of the earth was in a state of continual flux. Surface cooling alternated with immense lava flows. Nowhere can there be found on the surface of the world anything of this original planetary crust. It has all been mixed up too many times with extruding lavas of deep origins and admixed with subsequent deposits of the early world-wide ocean.
57:8.12 (661.6) 加拿大东北部的哈德逊湾周围，是地球表面残存古代前海洋岩石的变态残留物最多的地方。这一片广阔的花岗岩高地，是由前海洋时期的石头所组成的。这些岩层曾被加热过、弯曲过、扭曲过、褶皱过，而且它们曾反复经过这些扭曲变形的折腾。		57:8.12 (661.6) Nowhere on the surface of the world will there be found more of the modified remnants of these ancient preocean rocks than in northeastern Canada around Hudson Bay. This extensive granite elevation is composed of stone belonging to the preoceanic ages. These rock layers have been heated, bent, twisted, upcrumpled, and again and again have they passed through these distorting metamorphic experiences.
57:8.13 (661.7) 贯穿整个海洋时代，巨大的不含化石的层叠状岩石层，被沉淀在这片古老的海底。（石灰石可作为化学沉淀的结果而生成；并非所有古老的石灰石都是由海洋生物沉积而成。）在这些古老的岩石构造中，生命的证据无处可寻；它们也不含化石，除非后来洪水年代的沉积物由于某种原因与这些古老的前生命时期岩层混合在了一起。		57:8.13 (661.7) Throughout the oceanic ages, enormous layers of fossil-free stratified stone were deposited on this ancient ocean bottom. (Limestone can form as a result of chemical precipitation; not all of the older limestone was produced by marine-life deposition.) In none of these ancient rock formations will there be found evidences of life; they contain no fossils unless, by some chance, later deposits of the water ages have become mixed with these older prelife layers.
57:8.14 (662.1) 地球早期的地壳是极不稳定的，但山脉却还没有进入形成过程。地球像它形成时一样，在引力导致的压力作用下收缩起来。山脉并不是逐渐收缩天体冷却地壳坍塌的结果；它们是后来在雨水、引力及侵蚀作用下才出现的。		57:8.14 (662.1) The earth’s early crust was highly unstable, but mountains were not in process of formation. The planet contracted under gravity pressure as it formed. Mountains are not the result of the collapse of the cooling crust of a contracting sphere; they appear later on as a result of the action of rain, gravity, and erosion.
57:8.15 (662.2) 这一时期的大陆板块一直在扩大，直到它覆盖了地球表面的几近百分之十。剧烈的地震是到陆地板块大抵露出水面之后才开始的。一旦开始以后，它们在频率与剧烈程度方面就会长时间加强。经过千百万年，地震才有所减弱了，但玉苒厦(Urantia)仍然平均每天就要发生十五次。		57:8.15 (662.2) The continental land mass of this era increased until it covered almost ten per cent of the earth’s surface. Severe earthquakes did not begin until the continental mass of land emerged well above the water. When they once began, they increased in frequency and severity for ages. For millions upon millions of years earthquakes have diminished, but Urantia still has an average of fifteen daily.
57:8.16 (662.3) 850,000,000（八亿五千万）年前，地壳的第一个真正稳定化时期开始了。大部分较重金属已朝向地球中心沉淀下去。冷却的地壳已不再像之前时期那样大规模地塌陷了。陆地的隆起与更重的海床之间建立了一种更好的平衡。地壳下的熔岩层流动几乎遍及全世界范围，这补偿并稳定了因冷却、收缩和浅层漂移所导致的地壳波动。		57:8.16 (662.3) 850,000,000 years ago the first real epoch of the stabilization of the earth’s crust began. Most of the heavier metals had settled down toward the center of the globe; the cooling crust had ceased to cave in on such an extensive scale as in former ages. There was established a better balance between the land extrusion and the heavier ocean bed. The flow of the subcrustal lava bed became well-nigh world-wide, and this compensated and stabilized the fluctuations due to cooling, contracting, and superficial shifting.
57:8.17 (662.4) 火山爆发和地震在频率与剧烈程度方面继续减弱。大气在逐渐清除火山气体和水蒸汽，但二氧化碳的百分比仍然很高。		57:8.17 (662.4) Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes continued to diminish in frequency and severity. The atmosphere was clearing of volcanic gases and water vapor, but the percentage of carbon dioxide was still high.
57:8.18 (662.5) 空气中和地球内部的电扰动也在减弱。熔岩流把含各种元素的混合物带到了地表，这些元素令地壳变得含有多种成分，并使地球与某些空间能量更好地隔离开来。所有这一切都大大有益于促进对地球能量的控制和能量流动的调节，正如磁极的作用所展示的那样。		57:8.18 (662.5) Electric disturbances in the air and in the earth were also decreasing. The lava flows had brought to the surface a mixture of elements which diversified the crust and better insulated the planet from certain space-energies. And all of this did much to facilitate the control of terrestrial energy and to regulate its flow, as is disclosed by the functioning of the magnetic poles.
57:8.19 (662.6) 800,000,000（八亿）年前，见证到了第一个伟大陆地时代的开启，也就是陆地不断出现的时期。		57:8.19 (662.6) 800,000,000 years ago witnessed the inauguration of the first great land epoch, the age of increased continental emergence.
57:8.20 (662.7) 由于地球水汽的冷凝，起先是汇入世界性海洋，后来是汇入太平洋，我们可以想象太平洋的水域在当时应该是覆盖了地球表面的十分之九。坠入海洋的流星在海底累积起来，而一般说来，流星是由重物质构成的。落在陆地上的那些流星大部分被氧化了，然后因腐蚀而耗损，并被冲进大洋盆地。于是海底变得日益沉重，加之于上的是在有些地方深达十六公里的一片水体的重量。		57:8.20 (662.7) Since the condensation of the earth’s hydrosphere, first into the world ocean and subsequently into the Pacific Ocean, this latter body of water should be visualized as then covering nine tenths of the earth’s surface. Meteors falling into the sea accumulated on the ocean bottom, and meteors are, generally speaking, composed of heavy materials. Those falling on the land were largely oxidized, subsequently worn down by erosion, and washed into the ocean basins. Thus the ocean bottom grew increasingly heavy, and added to this was the weight of a body of water at some places ten miles deep.
57:8.21 (662.8) 太平洋的渐趋下陷，进一步引起了陆地板块的抬升。欧洲和非洲开始从太平洋深处升起，与之相随的还有那些现在被称为澳大利亚、南北美洲及南极大陆的板块，而太平洋的海床则从事于一种进一步补偿性的下沉调整。到这一时期结束时，几近三分之一的地球表面由陆地组成，所有都处于一个陆地整体中。		57:8.21 (662.8) The increasing downthrust of the Pacific Ocean operated further to upthrust the continental land mass. Europe and Africa began to rise out of the Pacific depths along with those masses now called Australia, North and South America, and the continent of Antarctica, while the bed of the Pacific Ocean engaged in a further compensatory sinking adjustment. By the end of this period almost one third of the earth’s surface consisted of land, all in one continental body.
57:8.22 (662.9) 由于这种陆地海拔的增加，地球的第一次气候变化出现了。陆地抬升、宇宙云和海洋的影响，是气候波动的主要因素。在陆地出现最多的时候，亚洲大陆的背脊曾达到过几近十四公里半的高度。要是盘旋在这些高海拔地区的空气中含有大量水气的话，那么就会形成巨大的冰毯；冰河时代或许就会提前许久来到。直到几亿年以后，这样大面积的陆地才得以重新露出水面。		57:8.22 (662.9) With this increase in land elevation the first climatic differences of the planet appeared. Land elevation, cosmic clouds, and oceanic influences are the chief factors in climatic fluctuation. The backbone of the Asiatic land mass reached a height of almost nine miles at the time of the maximum land emergence. Had there been much moisture in the air hovering over these highly elevated regions, enormous ice blankets would have formed; the ice age would have arrived long before it did. It was several hundred millions of years before so much land again appeared above water.
57:8.23 (663.1) 750,000,000（七亿五千万）年前，大陆板块的第一次分裂以南北向大裂缝的方式开始了，这条裂缝后来纳入了海水，并为南北美洲大陆、包括格陵兰岛的西向漂移做好了准备。长长的东西向裂缝将非洲和欧洲分离开来，并将澳大利亚板块、太平洋诸岛板块以及南极洲板块与亚洲板块分离开来。		57:8.23 (663.1) 750,000,000 years ago the first breaks in the continental land mass began as the great north-and-south cracking, which later admitted the ocean waters and prepared the way for the westward drift of the continents of North and South America, including Greenland. The long east-and-west cleavage separated Africa from Europe and severed the land masses of Australia, the Pacific Islands, and Antarctica from the Asiatic continent.
57:8.24 (663.2) 700,000,000（七亿）年前，玉苒厦(Urantia)适宜培育生命的条件渐趋成熟。大陆漂移在继续；海洋逐渐以长指状水域方式渗入陆地，为海洋生命提供了那些十分适宜作为其栖息地的浅水和受庇护海湾。		57:8.24 (663.2) 700,000,000 years ago Urantia was approaching the ripening of conditions suitable for the support of life. The continental land drift continued; increasingly the ocean penetrated the land as long fingerlike seas providing those shallow waters and sheltered bays which are so suitable as a habitat for marine life.
57:8.25 (663.3) 650,000,000（六亿五千万）年前，见证到了大陆板块的进一步分离，结果导致内陆海的进一步扩大。这些水域迅速达到了玉苒厦(Urantia)生命所必需的那种含盐度。		57:8.25 (663.3) 650,000,000 years ago witnessed the further separation of the land masses and, in consequence, a further extension of the continental seas. And these waters were rapidly attaining that degree of saltiness which was essential to Urantia life.
57:8.26 (663.4) 随着年代相继，岁月渐增，正是这些海洋及其后继者，留下了玉苒厦(Urantia)生命的记录，正如随后在保存完好、层层叠叠的岩石记录中所发现的那样。这些古代的内陆海，无疑是进化的摇篮。		57:8.26 (663.4) It was these seas and their successors that laid down the life records of Urantia, as subsequently discovered in well-preserved stone pages, volume upon volume, as era succeeded era and age grew upon age. These inland seas of olden times were truly the cradle of evolution.
57:8.27 (663.5) [由一位曾是原初玉苒厦(Urantia)团队一员、而如今为常驻观察员的生命载运者所呈献。]		57:8.27 (663.5) [Presented by a Life Carrier, a member of the original Urantia Corps and now a resident observer.]